How far is the foul line in high school basketball

Everything You Need to Know About Basketball Court Dimensions

Of the two major American-invented sports — baseball and basketball — only one has gained worldwide popularity. We play baseball across parts of the globe, but we play basketball worldwide. You can play with as few as two people and as many as ten. Shoot hoops indoors and outdoors and on any surface hard or flat enough to bounce a ball.

Indoor courts are usually made from hardwood, though other, more easily-maintained surfaces are gaining in popularity. Outdoor courts can be either asphalt or concrete. You can put a permanent basketball court just about anywhere you would like. Don’t have the room for a full-length court? Fitting just a half court into your driveway, backyard, or commercial gym would be just as useful.

So, have a space in mind and wondering “What are the dimensions of a basketball court?” Let’s take a look at the standard sizes for every level of basketball, from high school all the way up through international competition.

The National Basketball Association, better known as the NBA, boasts the largest court dimensions of any level of basketball — domestic or international. The outer dimensions are 94 feet long by 50 feet wide. The half court line is, as the name would suggest, halfway between each end line. In the middle of the half court line is a tip-off circle with a six-foot radius, which often sports the home team’s logo.

The key is 16 feet wide and 19 feet from the baseline to the foul line. A semicircle with a six-foot radius extends from the foul line. Some courts have the other side of the half-circle drawn in a dotted line inside the key to complete the circle and create a clear boundary for any jump balls.

The backboard protrudes four feet out from the baseline, and the rim of the basket hangs 10 feet off the ground. Subtracting the four feet overhang from the 19-foot length of the key, we get the familiar 15-foot distance from the foul line to the front of the backboard. It’s a misconception that the foul line is 15 feet from the center of the basket. The backboard itself measures six feet wide and 42 inches high.

Inside the key, a four-foot arc is aligned with the center of the basket to designate the restricted arc. If a defender is inside this semicircle, he cannot draw a charging foul. Along both sides of the key, lines are drawn three feet apart to create the standing positions for other players during a free throw attempt, starting with a box that is seven feet from the baseline and one foot wide.

Outside the key, the three-point line forms an imperfect arc stretching one side of the baseline to the other. The arc isn’t a perfect circle because it would run out of bounds on the sides of the court.

Instead, the three-point line runs in a straight line from the baseline out 16 feet, nine inches, at which point the line begins to curve. The straight lines are an even 22 feet from the center of the basket, and on the arc, the distance is 23 feet and nine inches.

Starting at the baseline and running 28 feet toward the center of the court, a line bounds the team bench area. The line also acts as the starting place for inbounds passes after timeouts and fouls.

The Women’s National Basketball Association or WNBA’s court dimensions are identical to the NBA court in every way except the three-point line. Instead, the distance is equal to the International Basketball Federation (FIBA) at 22.15 feet from the center of the hoop. WNBA teams share arenas and playing surfaces with the NBA, which is why it’s no wonder the court dimensions are so similar.

National Collegiate Athletic Association or NCAA basketball courts have similar dimensions to the NBA and WNBA, which include the:

• Court
• Foul line
• Backboard
• Basket height
• Tip-off circle

That said, there are a few significant differences in the dimensions of the NCAA court. For starters, the key is only 12 feet wide, rather than 16. The first box on the side of the key is only six feet from the baseline, not seven. The restricted area under the basket is also one foot smaller, at three feet in diameter rather than the NBA’s four.

However, the most recognizable difference between the NBA’s court dimensions and the NCAA’s is the distance of the three-point line. The NCAA three-point line is only 20 feet, nine inches from the center of the basket. Because of the smaller diameter, it is a continuous arc from one side of the baseline to the other, with no straight lines necessary to create space on the sidelines.

The difference in three-point line distances is the biggest adjustment for shooters to make as they begin their professional careers, and also why it’s so difficult to project how well a player will shoot in the pros.

High school basketball courts are a little different from their college and professional counterparts. The most noticeable difference is that the court is a full 10 feet shorter, measuring only 84 feet. However, there are some similarities. The court is still 50 feet wide. The basket is also 10 feet off the ground.

The tip-off circle has a six-foot radius, just like the big kid courts, and while the high school landscape isn’t as standardized as college and professional basketball, the backboard is supposed to have the same measurements as the NCAA and NBA.

Just as in college and professional basketball, the foul line is 15 feet from the backboard, and the key is 19 feet long. It’s also the same 12 feet wide as the NCAA — four feet narrower than the NBA and WNBA.

The other visible difference is the distance from the three-point line. Shorter than either the NCAA or NBA, the high school free throw line is just 19 feet, nine inches from the center of the basket. Additionally, high school basketball courts do not have any restricted area under the basket, since that rule doesn’t exist in high school basketball.

FIBA governs international basketball courts. The measurements for FIBA basketball courts differ from U.S. courts because of the difference between our Imperial measurements — feet and inches — and the more standard metric system.

FIBA courts are an even 28 meters long, which converts to almost 92 feet. The 15-meter width converts to just over 49 feet. The tip-off circle is a bit smaller as well, at 3.5 meters in diameter. This difference translates to a radius of about five feet, seven inches.

The key is almost the same size at 5.8 meters long and 4.8 meters wide. These numbers convert to within a few inches of 19 and 16 feet. The basket is 1.2 meters, or almost four feet, in from the baseline, which puts the foul line at 4.6 meters — 15 feet — away. The restricted area under the basket is 1.25 meters or just a shade more than four feet in radius.

The basket is still 10 feet off the ground, which means the biggest difference is the three-point line. At the top of the arc, the three-point line is 6.75 meters from the center of the basket or 22.15 feet. This measurement works out to about 22 feet, two inches. The FIBA three-point line, which has also been adopted by the WNBA, is over a foot and a half closer than the NBA line.

Since its invention in 1891, basketball’s court dimensions have varied. Let’s look at some of its historical changes, as well as answering that nagging question — “Why are basketball hoops 10 feet high?” — below:

The Story Behind the 10-Foot High Hoop

It would appear the 10-foot basketball hoop is the result of a careful calculation that considers the human anatomy and mechanics of the game. After all, even the tallest players today have to jump to dunk a ball, and a ten-foot high rim gives a comfortable target to shoot for at a distance. But as we see so often in history, the truth is much more mundane.

When James Naismith dreamed up the game in Springfield, MA in 1891, the railing he chose to hang the baskets on was ten feet off the ground. So, while everything else about the sport has changed since that first game, the baskets are still right where Dr. Naismith hung them.

The History of the Three-Point Line

The three-point line is arguably the most recognizable aspect of a basketball court’s dimensions and part of the reason why is attributed to the history surrounding this semicircle.

The first instance of the three-point line appeared in the American Basketball League in 1961, a full 70 years after Dr. Naismith invented the game. The line was added to increase excitement, but the league folded in just one and a half seasons, so the idea never had a chance.

In 1967, the next competitor to the NBA arrived. The American Basketball Association, or ABA, instituted the three-point line from the very start, and it was a huge success. The ABA had many exciting innovations that produced a better product for the fans. But ultimately, there was not enough room for two professional basketball organizations, so the NBA and ABA merged in 1976.

The three-point line, however, was not included in the merger! The decision-makers in the NBA at the time were too stubborn to adopt such a radical change. They held out for three years before implementing the three-point line in the 1979-1980 season. The NCAA didn’t integrate it until 1986, and it didn’t arrive on high school basketball courts until 1987.

That isn’t the end of the story, however. The line was moved closer for three seasons in the ‘90s to try to boost scoring, but it was quickly moved back to its original place. Taking the idea to the extreme, the NBA has even admitted to having discussions about a four-point line. Ultimately, we’ll believe it when we see it.

The Original Cage Matches

In the early days of professional basketball, the game was played inside an actual cage. The reasons were more about practicality than about safety. The rule for who got to inbound a ball that left the court was “whoever got to it first,” so organizers took to putting up a cage so the ball could never go out of bounds in the first place.

Those first basketball courts were about a third smaller than they are today, and the cages provided a physical boundary and an extra immovable for savvy teams. Could you imagine how much different the game of basketball would be today if those cages had stuck around?

The Alternative Key Designs

Today, basketball courts at all levels share a common design for the key — a rectangle measuring either 19 feet by 16 feet or 19 feet by 12 feet. However, this was not always the case. From the creation of FIBA in 1956 until 2010, the key was a trapezoidal design that was significantly wider at the baseline.

Another design of this feature is responsible for the name “key.” Have you ever thought about how a rectangular area under a basket got such a random name?

The reason is that the original area was much narrower, while the circle surrounding the free throw line was the same size. These two factors combined to create a shape that resembled an old-fashioned key. In 1951, the key was widened to 12 feet and later to the 16 feet we see now in the NBA and FIBA.

While the term lives on, time has erased any record of its design and original reference. And for the record, the official name for this feature is “free throw lane,” which isn’t a phrase many of us hear often.

And that’s a wrap on the history of basketball’s court dimensions.

Perhaps you don’t have 94 feet of flat asphalt or indoor floor space. Don’t worry, because residential half court setups can be just as fun. And whether you are looking to paint your court or apply a pre-made solution, sticking to the official dimensions will take your pickup games to the next level.

Take a look at our selection of goals, nets and accessories to bring your home’s court together. You’ll have a hard time dragging your kids off the court as they spend hours posting up like Boogie, slashing like LeBron and launching it from deep like Steph.

An Ultimate Guide On High School Basketball Court Dimensions

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Not all basketball courts are the same. The size and nature of each type will depend on the age group of the players participating. These numbers were not generated by James Naismith but were drawn up after decades of competition.

Today’s standard basketball court size is a rectangle of 94×50 feet. However, the measurements for high school, college, or youth league arenas will be somewhat smaller.

What are the high school basketball court dimensions? The overall dimensions of high school basketball courts are typically 50 feet wide and 84 feet long.

Not only does the size of the basketball court matter, but the other parts of the court also do. Let’s learn more about them in this article with Scott Fujita.

Contents

People use length, width, and height to show the dimensions of a high school basketball court.

The length of the court is equivalent to the distance from the end line to the baseline. The width refers to the distance between the lines. Lastly, people measure the height of the basketball court from the floor to the top of the backboard.

View more: 

• Funny fantasy basketball names
• Funny basketball nicknames

This section will answer questions related to the specific dimensions of this type of yard, as well as a diagram for you to follow most intuitively.

High school basketball court dimensions diagram 

The overall size of most high school basketball courts is 84 feet long and 50 feet wide. At some junior high schools, the court size will be 74 feet long and 42 feet wide.

The distance of the foul line is the same across all courts. It falls about 15 feet from the foul line to the front of the backboard. The distance between the offensive line and the baseline is 18 feet 10 inches.

The Lane, as known as “The Key,” is 12 feet wide. When comparing from the baseline to the key, specified courts have the backboard four feet wide. A six-foot arc (half a circle) will extend from the foul line away from the basket rim to complete the lane.

The rules of the three-point line are pretty much the same for a high school and college basketball court. It measures 19 feet 9 inches. From the baseline, one will draw an additional line extending 5 feet 3 inches.

The distance from the ground to the hoop’s top is set at ten feet for all levels of play. The following part of the table is specified to have a width of 72 inches and a height of 42 inches.

The standard diameter of a basketball rim is 18 inches. The overall dimensions of the inner square on the backboard are 24 inches (width) and 18 inches (height).

All lines on the field are 2 inches wide. There is no specific rule on color so that you can flexibly change it depending on the situation.

Players from 10 and above can use the standard free throw lane of 15 feet. However, junior leagues often mark the floor closer to about 2 feet to accommodate the physical conditions of the young players.

On all regulated basketball courts, including the NBA, FIBA, NCAA, or high school courts, the top of the basketball hoop must be 10 feet off the ground.

NBA basketball court dimensions diagram 

The official National Basketball Association (NBA) court size is 94 feet long and 50 feet wide. International NBA court dimensions will be slightly smaller.

The half-court line will be in the center of the yard and measure 47 feet. The free-throw line is 15 feet from the front of the backboard and 19 feet from the edge of the field. From the center of the basketball hoops, the 3 point line is 23.75′ or 23’9′ from center.

The International Basketball Federation (FIBA) requires their courts to be 91.9 feet long and 49.2 feet wide for professional basketball games. The half-court line is located directly in the center of the court and at 45.95 feet.

The three-point line is 22.15′ from the center of the basketball hoop. The free throw lane is 15 feet from the backboard and 19 feet from the edge of the field.

The size numbers of the FIBA ​​court are tough to remember because there are so many odd numbers. However, if you convert it to meters, things will be a lot easier. A standard FIBA ​​court will be 28 meters long and 15 meters wide. If you want to play in the Olympics or other international games, the size of the field is essential.

To understand what NBA players face to compete internationally, check out this video.

NCAA basketball court dimensions diagram

The size of the NCAA basketball court is quite similar to the NBA court, except that the three-point line is a bit closer. It is in total 94 feet long and 50 feet wide, with a half-court line of 47 feet in the courtyard’s center.

The free-throw line is 19 feet from the edge of the field, and the backboard front is 15 feet. Taking a distance of 22.15′ from the center of the hoop, we get the 3 point shooting line.

The one-and-a-half foot difference on the three-point line can create significant problems for someone who has just made the transition from college to pro basketball. You will need to get used to them again to achieve the highest accuracy when shooting.

This section will answer some questions regarding the size of the basketball court.

FAQs of basketball courts 

The metric dimensions of a professional basketball court, such as the NBA courts, are 28.65 meters long and 15.24 meters wide. The high school basketball court has a length of 25.6 meters.

For professional tournaments, half-court dimensions are 47 feet long. The corresponding figure is 42 feet for high school.

For backyard dimensions, half-court sizes fall between 42 feet in length and 37 feet in width. The high school half courts will be slightly larger, 50 feet long, and 42 feet wide.

Men’s, women’s, and junior tournaments will use different-sized basketballs.

For the men’s NBA or NCAA tournament, players use basketballs 9.43-9.51 inches in diameter with width measured from left to right. The circumference of the ball is 29.5 inches which is the distance measured around the outside. The boys’ tournament used a ball with a circumference of 28.5 inches.

NCAA or WNBA teams use slightly smaller basketballs. They have a circumference of 28.5 inches and a diameter of 9.07-9.23 inches. 

Junior tournament for female teens using a ball with a circumference of 27.5 inches. Children ages 5 to 8 will use the smallest size basketball, with a circumference of 25.5 inches.

Depending on the physical condition and age of the player, we have different rules about basketball court dimensions. They will help talents bring out their best when competing.

If you are a parent and plan to nurture your child’s basketball abilities, start reading this information now. It plays an essential role in helping plan the best training and development.

Basketball court markings: standards and norms

Author of the article

Dmitry Khvatkov

Consultant in the production of rubber coatings

Basketball field marking requirements are approved by the FIBA ​​standard. The site must be flat with a hard surface, without bends, cracks and other obstacles. The accepted dimensions of the field are 28 m long and 16 m wide. By NBA standards, the field is slightly larger: 28.7 m (94' ft) long and 15.3 m (50' ft) wide.

Areas not intended for international competitions may differ from accepted standards (for public use, in schools or universities, etc.) and usually vary from 20 to 28 m in length and from 12 to 16 m in width.

Basketball Court Marking Standards

Basketball court markings are conventionally divided into 5 components:

• Boundary lines. They are located along the perimeter of the site and set its size. The lines that run along the field are called side lines, and those that are behind the baskets are called front lines.
• Central line. Divides the court in half parallel to the front lines.
• Central zone. It is a circle and is placed in the middle of the center line, and, accordingly, in the center of the entire field.
• Three-point line. It is a semi-ellipse and is located around the shields on both sides of the field. It limits the close range.
• Free throw line. It is located in front of the boards parallel to the front line and is limited on the sides by paint lines.

The standard line width is 5 cm. All outlines and lines must be of the same color (usually white) and be clearly visible from anywhere on the court.

Common lines

Common lines are used to limit the playing area of ​​the court. The side lines (along the field) according to FIBA ​​standards should be 28 m long, and the front lines - 16 m. For public areas, deviations from the accepted standards are allowed. Typically, basketball courts in schools or gyms are made from 20 m long and 12 m wide.

Central lines

The center line is parallel to the front and divides the field exactly in half. According to the standards - it should extend beyond the side lines by 15 cm on both sides.

In the middle of the center line there is a circle with a diameter of 3.6 m, which limits the central zone of the field. In this zone, the ball is played at the beginning of the game.

Three-Point Line

Three-Point Lines are located around the backboards on both sides of the field and consist of two straight lines 2.9 long9 m and a semicircle. Straight lines run perpendicular to the front at a distance of 0.9 m from the side lines. Despite the fact that visually the distance from the ring to the side of the three-point line seems to be less than to its central part, the distance from the backboard to any point is 6. 75 m.

Penalty lines

Penalty lines limit the nearest area at the backboard. They consist of a trapezoid and a free throw zone.

Despite the name, the "trapezium" is a rectangle (until 2009year it really was a trapezoid), which is located under the shield. Its dimensions are 5.8 meters long and 4.9 meters wide. The shield is located at a distance of 1.575 m from the end line in the middle of the site. In front of the backboard, at a distance of 1.25 m, there is a semicircle that limits the area for picking up the ball.

At a distance of 4.225 meters from the backboard, the trapeze zone ends and the free throw zone begins. It is a semicircle with a diameter of 3.6 m (like the central circle).

Paint zone lines

These lines are serifs on both sides of the trapezoid (parallel to the sidelines). They limit the areas for players who are fighting for the ball during a free throw.

Zones on the basketball field

The basketball court is divided into zones using markings. Each zone has its own specific rules.

Center circle

The center circle is used as a separate kick-off area at the start of the game. One representative from each team stand in a circle from their side and fight for the ball in a jump, after it is dropped by the referee. All players are exclusively on their side of the field, except for one who rebounds on the opponent's side.

Neutral zone

The peculiarity of this zone is that as soon as the player of the attacking team with the ball crosses the center line and is on the side of the opponent, he cannot pass the ball to the player of his team who is on the other side of the field (i.e. behind center line on your side).

Three-point zone

The three-point line limits the near zone of the shot. Hitting the basket from outside the basket brings the team three points. If the throw was made inside the zone, then it brings two points.

Three-second zone

This is the zone in close proximity to the ring. It is called three-second, since the player of the attacking team cannot be in it for more than three seconds. Most balls are thrown in this zone, so when attacking, it provides maximum protection.

Free throw area

In controversial situations, a free throw is provided from this area. The player of the attacking team must score the ball without stepping over the line of the trapezoid. At the same time, the players of both teams are not in the three-second zone. They take up positions along the paint lines on the sides of the trapezoid and may not step outside the lines until the free throw shooter has shot the ball.

How to mark a basketball field?

Basketball field markings, whether it is an international competition court or an open-air amateur field, are best applied using special equipment. This will ensure the long life of the coating, the lines will not clog and will promote fair play.

You can order the marking of a basketball court in Moscow and the Moscow region from Rezkom. We will measure the premises and develop a design project for the field so that it complies with generally accepted rules and is convenient for operation. For more details, you can contact our manager by phone 8-495-64-24-111.

Basketball rules - history and short basic rules, violations and duration of the game

Contents

The word basketball comes from the English two "Basket" and "Ball" . "Basket" in translation into Russian means "basket", and "ball" - the ball. The essence of a basketball game is to hit the ball in the opponent's iron hoop. Players of the opposing team must interfere and do everything so that the projectile does not hit their ring.

Basketball tournament is dynamic. There are two teams that have attackers and defenders. The tournament is included in the list of Olympic Games. The game was released in the USA.

How this game was born

James Naismith, a physical education teacher, invented basketball. This happened at the end of the 19th century in the city of Springfield. At the school where the youth of the Christian Association studied, James Naismith taught gymnastics in physical education classes. The young teacher decided to embellish the boring hours of gymnastic exercises.

He hung fruit baskets without a bottom on the railing of the balcony. Boys and girls had to split into teams and throw a soccer ball into these baskets. And the winner of the basketball prototype was the team that threw the most balls into the basket.

In the same year, this teacher developed the first 13 rules for playing basketball. However, they have undergone changes due to violations that occurred at the first official tournament.

For example, baskets began to be hung not just on a pole, as the fans caught the ball and threw it into the opponent's net, thereby disrupting the tournament process. Shields were invented behind the baskets, which began to protect them from spectators throwing a ball that accidentally hit them.

B 1893 year upgraded the baskets themselves. Iron rings with a grid began to be installed on the shields. In the ninety-fourth year of the 19th century, the official rules for the game of basketball were created in the United States.

Gradually, the game began to penetrate into Europe and to the east: Japan, China. Abstracts were written on the topic of basketball in the universities of the USA and Europe. So gradually expanding the game migrated into the 20th century; and in the 1930s, the first amateur basketball league was created.

In the thirty-sixth year of the 20th century, a new sport was accepted for the Summer Olympics. At 1989 this sport became professional and became recognized by the world.

Basketball Rules 2019

The rules have changed over the course of a century. The first final rules came into effect in 2004.

And the changes fixed for 2018 remain relevant in 2020.

The rules of this dynamic sport include the following criteria:

• two teams are required. One team should have no less and no more than twelve people. Of this number, only 5 play, and the rest sit and wait for their turn to replace a partner;
• the number of substitutions per game is not limited;
• 4 quarters of one match. The number of minutes in one match depends on the decision of the Basketball Association. NBA teams spend twelve minutes on the playing field and ten minutes for FIBA ​​teams;
• Between matches, a break of two minutes is appointed, and between two parts of the match, such a break is fifteen minutes;
• a basketball player must not touch the ball with his feet or body, play with his hands;
• it is forbidden to run with the ball, holding it in your hands for a long time. Do not hit the sports equipment with the body or legs. While unintentionally touching the ball with the foot is not considered a foul;
• Points are counted to the team only after the ball hit the basket from above.

The distance from which the ball was thrown affects the number of points given to the team. For example, the ball was thrown from a penalty distance - the referee may assign 1 point. If from close or medium distance - 2 points. The ball in the basket from the three-point line gives the team 3 points.

Attention! When a player throws the ball into his own basket, the opposing team is awarded 2 points.

If the tournament score is the same, the game will continue until one of the teams wins. Five minutes are given to increase the gap in the score. If a break does not occur, five minutes will be added until the end.

Tasks of the main team

There are five people in the main or playing team. Each of these players has its own tasks and must have special physical parameters.

For example, the brain of a team is the playmaker or point guard. His task is to have good ball control and develop high speed.

The attacking defender must have calf muscles. His task is to jump high, the ability to break through the defense of the enemy.

The center player or main player must be of an athletic build. He often sits under the basket and fights for rebounds.

The good play of the remaining two is just as important. For example, a small forward must score points: the more, the better.

The power forward must control the ball so that it does not fall into the opponent's hands.

Before being a high-ranking player in basketball, you need to go through the stages from beginner to professional. In total, there are three stages of formation in basketball.

A beginner is one who is just starting this path. At this stage, they simply hone their skills and gain experience. The workouts are mixed. Women and men train together in the same gym. Interaction between players at this stage is minimal. The emphasis is on a general warm-up with game exercises.

Amateur. When a beginner moves to a higher rank, the coach begins to develop professional skills in him. But he is still far from a professional. However, the future basketball player already knows how to soberly and quickly assess the situation on the field. Around the same time, the amateur determines for himself who he will be in the team: in defense or attack.

Professional. This basketball player already knows how to dribble well. Goes without a miss from the three-point line to the basket. Delivers accurately and sharply.

He can independently practice the technical elements of the game of basketball. And, also carries out the commands of the coach.

Requirements for playing venues

Until about the 1960s, basketball games were played on courts.

Currently only indoor tournaments are allowed .

Rooms must have the following dimensions:

• ceiling height - 7 meters;
• field perimeter in meters - 28 x 15;
• shield dimensions in centimeters - 180x105. Previously, shields were made of wood. Now they are made of tempered transparent glass. The front side of the shields should be smooth, and lines are drawn along the edges. A rectangle is drawn behind the ring;
• ring height above the floor - 305 cm;
• mesh is attached to the ring. It should be made of white cord. The mesh must be designed to hold a projectile that passes through it for a second and then release it. The length of the net is 45 centimeters. The top of the mesh is made rigid so that it can prevent it from getting tangled or thrown out of the ring;
• three-second zone width - 4.9 m;
• three-point line - 6.25 m;
• the ring is moved away from the shield by 5 cm.

The area where the tournament takes place must be firm and perfectly level. Premises with uneven floors or cracks, slight deformations are immediately deducted. Lighting devices are located so as not to interfere with the players to view the entire field.

Now about the markup. Both for marking on the football field, and on the basketball field, their own standards have been developed. They are listed:

• the center line must divide the entire field into two equal lines;
• bounding lines are drawn around the entire perimeter. They determine the size of the site on which the tournament will be held. The side ones are those that are on the sides, and the front ones are those that are drawn behind the rings on both sides;
Circle
• is the center of the court where the basketball tournament takes place. The diameter of this circle is 3.6 meters. From here the coach or referee starts to play the match;
• three-point line. Present on both halves of the field. These are two closed flat curves that are located under the shields. The dimensions of the lines are 2.99 m long;
• a penalty line is drawn in front of the backboards.

The basketball tournament starts from the moment when the referee throws the ball into the middle of the field. Then he blows the whistle. The game starts with a tall and athletic kicker on both sides. Whoever takes the ball from the team first will start the game. Overweight can occur at any moment.

Requirements for a basketball

The classic basketball ball is orange . Has the shape of a sphere. Black stripes run along the body of the ball. Special requirements are also imposed on the size and weight of equipment:

• for men, the circumference of the projectile is 78 centimeters, and the weight is 650 grams;
• for women, the circumference of the projectile is 74 centimeters, and the weight is 570 grams.

Many people might be wondering why a basketball is orange. Opinions differ on this matter. There are two stories.

First, the orange color of the ball is a tribute to tradition. Because the first sports equipment for basketball was sewn from orange patches of leather. But the second story is more believable.

Under the new rules introduced in 1957, basketball equipment must be brown and yellow. But teacher Paul Hinkle wanted the ball to be visible even in the farthest stands. He turned to Spalding. And in 1958, the world's first orange basketball appeared.

Since then its color has not changed.

What can be violations in the game of basketball

For cruelty and violation in the game punished with a free throw. If the player took more than two steps with the projectile and did not hit it on the floor, then the entire team is punished. The referee gives the ball to the opponents.

If the sports equipment goes out, beyond the perimeter lines of the field, then the ball is given to the opponents as a punishment.

Penalized the team as a whole and for other violations:

• player's behavior inconsistent with the rules when the projectile is fired with both hands at once;
• when the player jumps with sports equipment. In basketball, they jump only before throwing a projectile into the ring;
• when a player from the same team is under the opponent's basket for more than three seconds.

If a player does not dribble for more than 5 seconds, does not throw it into the basket and does not pass it, it is a foul. If he stays for more than five seconds with the ball, then will be counted as a violation of . In eight seconds, the team that owns the projectile must enter the attack area. If this does not happen, then the ball is passed to the opponent.

There is one more rule. It's called 24 Seconds. Players can dribble the ball, pass it no more than 24 seconds. If they have expired, and the team in possession of the ball has never made a throw into the opponent's basket, then the sports equipment is withdrawn and transferred to the opponent's team.

Throwing a projectile from one zone to another is considered a foul.

What basketball players may wear

In addition, players are not allowed to wear equipment that is dangerous to other players. The coach has the right to require players to wear short-cut nails. Since during the game you can scratch them not only the opponent, but also yourself.

Shoes, clothing and other accessories must not scratch or damage the skin of those playing nearby . Before the tournament, you must take off various jewelry for women, rings, bracelets, hats or jewelry. Men should also take off various accessories, pendants, amulets and other accessories.

Shoulder, forearm, hand, elbow padding must be made of soft material that does not pose a risk of injury to another player. If the equipment of the player serves to increase growth or gives any other advantage, then it is considered prohibited. It is confiscated, and the player himself may first be warned. If he does not obey, then he will be disqualified.

Socks, shoes of the players must be the same color or the same combination of colors.

Basketball fouls

In addition to the usual basketball fouls, there are several types of fouls. If a player receives five fouls during the tournament, he will be disqualified.

Foul types:

• technical. Received by the player when they lead the projectile incorrectly;
• personal. Received if he came into close contact with the enemy;
• double. Awarded to two players who are at fault;
• rough. If a player misbehaves, is rude, tries to start a fight on the field, then he gets a rough foul. But it's not disqualifying yet;
• disqualifying. This type is given to a player for a very gross violation. The player leaves the tournament before it ends.

Basketball referees

When the tournament is in progress, the following referees are present on the basketball field :

• senior referee and referee;
• timekeeper;
• secretary and his assistant;
• thirty seconds operator.

Referees uniform is the same for each game :

• gray shirt;
• long black trousers;
• black shoes (sneakers).

Referees may only correct infringements or mistakes by players in the following cases:

• when they wish to award an undeserved free throw;
• when it is allowed to shoot a free throw to the wrong player;
• may not award a proper free throw;
• if a point was incorrectly scored.

The referee has the right to stop the game immediately if an error is found. If the error is discovered by the scorer, then the referee waits until the ball is no longer in play and only then stops the tournament.

The time spent on detecting and resolving an error is not cancelled, as well as goals scored and additional actions.

Some gestures of the referees during the tournament :

• raises the index finger up with the hand together, the hand should go down - one point is scored;
• raises the index and middle fingers up with the hand together, the hand should go down - two points are counted;
• Three points are scored when the referee raises his index and middle fingers sharply up along with his hands.

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