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How many fouls can you get in college basketball
How Many Fouls to Foul Out in College Basketball?
Each foul in a college basketball game is crucial in many different facets of the game. In terms of gameplay, it can mean several things in various scenarios. Some fouls are unintentional due to the physicality of play in games and some are very intentional and serve a purpose for a particular player and their team. Some fouls are agreed upon between the referees and the player called for the infraction and others are disputed heavily by the player.
One thing that is never disputed when it comes to fouls, particularly in the college game, is how many fouls each player is allowed to commit before fouling out of the game. Each college basketball player is allowed five fouls in each game and is sent off the court once they have reached that foul limit.
The NBA allows their players 6 fouls before they foul out, due to a couple of different reasons. One is that the professional game is deemed more physical due to the “professional” nature of the sport. NBA players are pros and their style of play is high level compared to the college game and contact happens more frequently.
Another reason is that NBA games are 48 minutes long compared to the 40-minute college game. The longer the game, the more chances you will foul someone. The average of fouls per minute breaks down to the same – a foul every 8 minutes fouls you out of both the college game (5 fouls in 40 minutes) and an NBA game (6 fouls in 48 minutes).
Quick Navigation
What is a Foul?
There are several different types of fouls and they can differ tremendously. If you would like a complete breakdown of fouls and their meaning, check out our article about the foul as it pertains to the NBA game here.
There are, however, important things to understand about a foul for this particular article, most importantly, the definition of a common personal foul.
A player shall not hold, displace, push, charge, trip or impede the progress of an opponent by extending arm(s), shoulder(s), hip(s) or knee(s) or by bending his own body into other than a normal position or by using any unreasonably rough tactics. ” – 2018-19 NCAA Rulebook: Rule 10 – Fouls and Penalties
The game of basketball is very fast-paced and there are thousands of different situations and scenarios during games, due to how dynamic the game is, that fouls are committed countless times and their reasons are plenty. Let’s discuss some of the reasons why players foul before taking a look at some interesting scenarios from past college games.
Reasons for Fouling
1. Incidental Contact
Oftentimes players do not mean to foul but have no choice because they are having trouble guarding their opponent and fouling is one way of stopping them from scoring at will. Other times a player gets a little too eager on defense and either reaches in or bumps their opponent trying to steal or block a ball. Another very common incidental foul is when a player jumps over their opponent’s back while grabbing a rebound. It is a judgment call but happens quite often.
2. Sending a Message
Some fouls are one hundred percent meaningful and are committed to either serve a purpose or send a message. Many players, both in college and the pros, made their name by playing hard-nosed defense which included committing hard fouls on their opponents so that they thought twice about driving into the lane. This was an example of a strategic personal foul, that served a purpose and sent a message.
The strategy of having someone on your team that plays an enforcer role is a bit outdated as the game of basketball has evolved so much, however, tough guys will never completely leave the game. The college game is called much closer these days but tough guys can still “put a body” on someone who drives into the lane and have them second-guessing a drive into the lane next time if they get hit hard enough.
3. Situational/Late-Game Fouls
Late game situations sometimes call for fouling as well. If a team is down in the late stages of a game and need to foul the other team in hopes they miss foul shots. Fouling a team stops the clock and puts the onus on them to hit big shots under pressure, which is easier said than done. If you look at almost any basketball comeback, there are some elements of fouling a team to try and slow the game down. It may not always be exciting but it can be effective.
4. The Offensive Foul
Fouls don’t only occur on the defensive side of the ball. The offensive is capable of committing several types of fouls including an incidental offensive foul and an offensive charge. Many times ball-handlers, in order to get an advantage on their defenders, will either push off or extend their arm out and can get called for an offensive foul which results in loss of possession.
A charge occurs when an offensive player either runs or jumps into a defender uncontrolled and the defender keeps his feet and body stationary. The defense has the right to their position and if a player impedes that, it is a charge. The charge is one of the most controversial calls in basketball because of how difficult it is to be called on a regular basis. Each referee is different and even if you take the perfect charge, there is no guarantee that it will be called in your favor.
NCAA Basketball Foul Records
All-Time Career Personal Foul Leader
From 2016 to 2019, Chris Silva of the University of South Carolina committed the most fouls in NCAA basketball history. Over his career, which was 134 total games, he committed 470 fouls! Silva averaged 21.7 minutes per game over his four-year career at South Carolina, which means he averaged a personal foul every 6 minutes of his college career. When you break it down to the minute, the rate at which he committed fouls was pretty staggering.
Silva is also second overall for the single-season personal foul record. Silva committed 141 personal fouls during the 2016-17 season while playing in 37 total games and averaging 20. 9 minutes per game. That means Silva averaged almost 4 fouls per game and committed on average every five and a half minutes for the season!
Most Charges Ever
Former Duke University star Shane Battier holds the record for most offensive charges taken with 111. That number is impressive on its own, but to think about the type of player Battier was makes it even more amazing. Shane Battier is a 2-time All-American and former Player of the Year. Those types of players don’t normally excel in the role player work so the fact that Battier not only led his team but the entire country, in charges taken says a lot about his character.
Battier’s pedigree would come in handy once he entered the NBA. Battier went from college superstar to NBA role player and his practice in excelling in the little things – defense, charges taken, diving for loose balls – helped him stick around the league for an impressive thirteen years. During his pro career, he made two All-Defensive teams and won two NBA titles with the Miami Heat.
In Conclusion
Fouls are an interesting part of the game of basketball. They can serve a purpose occasionally but oftentimes are unwanted by the teams committing them, and unnecessary within the game. While fouls are a frustrating part of the game for players and fans alike, it is important they are enforced so that the order of the game is maintained.
Who is the most memorable enforcer from your favorite college basketball team throughout history? Let us know below in the comments!
How Many Fouls To Foul Out In NCAA? Quick Guide – Basketball Word!
The rules of college basketball are a lot different compared to the National Basketball Association (NBA). When it comes to fouls they are also different in how many are allowed.
How many fouls to foul out in NCAA? The rules state in a NCAA Men’s and Women’s basketball game a player is allowed up to 5 personal fouls before fouling out. This includes technical and unsportsmanlike fouls, Once a player reaches 5 fouls he is no longer permitted back into the game.
This will be a quick guide that will give you how the foul system works in (NCAA) college basketball including the bonus system that many people get confused and have a hard time understanding.
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NCAA Foul Rules
Quick Tip: N.C.A.A. ~ National Collegiate Athletic Association
Unlike the NBA in which you are allowed up to 6 fouls, college basketball allows you to foul 5 times before fouling out. If you are wondering why the NBA allows more than college, it’s simple.
The NBA plays 48 mins – 4 x 12 minute quarters.
The NCAA plays 40 mins – 2 x 20-minute halves.
NBA – 48/8 = 6 in other words 48 minutes divided by 8 equals 6 fouls.
NCAA 40/8 = 5 in other words 40 minutes divided by 8 equals 5 fouls.
Both leagues give you one foul for every 8 minutes of game time.
If the games goes into overtime no team receives more fouls because of the extra time.
5 personal fouls do not just include contact fouls, They also include technicals, flagrant and unsportsmanlike fouls. All these types of fouls count towards team fouls.
Bonus And Double Bonus
Personal fouls add up to team fouls when a team reaches 7 fouls they are in bonus which means that if they are fouled in any way that is not a shooting foul they will go to the line and shoot what is called a one and one. Now, this one and one means that if a player makes their free throw they will shoot another free throw. So you are awarded another free throw on a make.
If they miss their first free throw then the ball is live and in play for either team to rebound. This one and one takes place during team fouls 7, 8, 9.
When a team reaches 10 fouls it is called a double bonus and the player will shoot 2 fouls shots guaranteed no matter what the outcome is for any of the shots. Offensive fouls do not count for the bonus, it is just a change of possession no matter how many team fouls the opposing team has.
Foul Strategy
Coach’s will try to exploit fouls that players have to get them in more foul trouble for them to sit or get them fouled out. Even players that are in foul trouble need to be careful the opposing team knows and will try to draw offensive fouls.
When a player has 4 fouls and is in foul trouble he becomes passive on defense and players will exploit this by going at the player with 4 fouls to try and draw a foul or score as the defense is less aggressive.
When To Sub out an In A Player based on fouls
Half
Fouls
Subbed Out
Subbed In
1st Half
2
Within 10 minutes into the first half
Less than 5 minutes in the first half
1st Half
3
As soon as the player picks up the 3rd
5 -10 minutes into the second half.
2nd Half
3
Within 5 mins of the 2nd half
5 – 10 minutes into the 2nd half.
2nd Half
4
Anytime in the 2nd half
Less than 5 mins left in the game.
The chart above shows the half, fouls and when to sub in or out during a game when a player has picked up fouls early or has one too many fouls. This strategy is to counter coaches exploiting players that are in foul trouble.
Strategy In The Bonus
If at the end of a game a team is down a couple of baskets, it can be beneficial to the team to foul a player that has a ball on the opposing team that shoots poorly at free throws. This would need to be done in the one and one bonus situation where the team only shoots one free throw and hope the player misses.
This is a good strategy as you are stopping the clock and you may get the ball as a poor shooter is on the line. Even if he makes one out of two, it still very good. Of course, every situation is different if there’s only a minute left and you’re in double bonus you are going to need to foul if your down. Regardless your stopping time and hoping they miss to give you an opportunity to tie the game.
Types Of Fouls
Personal Foul
The most common type of foul usually some sort of contact is involved, pushing, holding, and illegal use of hands etc. Basically you are making illegal contact, these fouls count as a team foul also.
Flagrant
There are two types of flagrant fouls, flagrant 1 and flagrant 2. Flagrant one is a hard foul that is unintentionally trying to hurt someone. Flagrant 2 is a hard foul looking like your going to hurt someone if not kill them. This can also be unsportsmanlike if the player makes no attempt on the ball.
Usually, these fouls are reviewed by the referee at the video review screen at the scorer’s table. They then determine if it is a flagrant 1 or 2.
Unsportsmanlike
This can also be a flagrant foul, unsportsmanlike fouls are hard fouls that a player makes with no play on the ball. The player gets hit and there was no attempt on the basketball.
Technical Foul
Usually a technical is during a dead ball meaning the play has stopped. If a player or coach gets two technicals they are out of the game and must leave the bench area. The most common type of technical foul is when a player disagrees with a call the referee makes.
If the bench or personal staff that works under the coach gets a technical foul, that foul will count as coach’s technical but does not go against team fouls. So he can not get another one on his own.
All fouls beside personal fouls unless in double bonus receive two shots.
Warning At 3 Fouls
Once you reach 3 fouls you are in danger of picking up another foul. This is where it’s late in the game and nothing is going right for you. You decide to let the referee know about it. Guess what? The ref gave you a foul for the last call and now you picked up a technical foul for arguing the call in the heat of the moment. Now your out of the game because you picked up 2 fouls when you already had 3.
Further Reading:
How Many Fouls Before Ejection In The NBA?
How Many Steps Is A Travel In Basketball? With Examples
How To Become A Better Shooter? Ultimate Guide
Personal foul (basketball)
Zoran Dragic (right) contacts Carl English and commits a foul.
In basketball, and personal foul violation of the rules regarding illegal personal contact with the opponent. This is the most common type of foul in basketball. Player fouls on reaching the personal foul limit of the game and is disqualified from the remainder of the game.
Players usually initiate illegal contact to intentionally affect the course of the game, hoping that it will be considered too minor to be considered a foul. The threshold is subjective and varies among officials and from game to game. Most contact fouls are not considered unsportsmanlike. However, excessive or unjustified contact is punished more severely. The NBA calls them flagrant fouls ; other rulebooks call them unsportsmanlike or disqualifying fouls.
Content
1 History
2 Principles
2.1 cylinder
2.2 Elements of time and distance
3 Types of foul
3.1 exercises and blocking
3.2 Other fouls on a player with MICHER
Fouls away from the ball
3.4 Other personal fouls
91 d. James Naismith original 13 rules [1] defined a foul as:
running with the ball,
holding the ball with hands or body,
hitting the ball with the fist,
spitting, holding, pushing, hitting or stumble over an opponent in any way.
Only the fourth definition remains. Running with the ball and punching are now infractions. Holding the ball with the hands or body is now rare, but legal.
Initially, the player's second foul was sent off without replacement until the next successful goal (similar to an ice hockey penalty). Soon, free throws were introduced, initially worth three points, then one. Initially, free throws were allowed to be taken by any member of the team. At 19In 1924, the rules were changed and the fouled player took free throws.
The contact foul victim was normally given three free throw attempts and the foul kept possession of the basketball. Now the player fouled in the act of shooting gets one to three shots, and the other team tends to get the ball afterwards (see Penalties below).
Principles
Personal contact need not be a personal foul unless it gives the player an advantage or disadvantages an opponent.
Cylinder
In FIBA, the cylinder principle gives each player exclusive rights within an imaginary cylinder defined by:
in front of the palms of the hands when the arms are bent at the elbows so that the forearms and hands are raised, but not in front of the feet ,
behind the buttocks,
on the sides with the outer edge of the arms and legs.
The cylinder extends from floor to ceiling, allowing the player to jump up.
A player may occupy any cylinder not yet occupied by an opponent. No one else is allowed to step on or touch this cylinder. The player must not extend the limbs or bend the body in an abnormal way. If there is a violation of this principle that puts the opponent at a disadvantage, the referee may penalize him.
The NBA does not use the cylinder principle to determine contact; it only says that the player cannot bend or reach in a non-standard position (neither pushing nor holding, etc.).
Elements of time and distance
In elements of time and distance touch the reaction time and distance of another person. They only apply to players without the ball, not to the player with the ball. For example, a player cannot suddenly stand in front of a running player without even invading the cylinder. Another example is when the player places a screen directly behind the player: the player will not physically be able to react to the screen in time to avoid it.
Types of foul
Justin Doellman, then Valencia Basket player was fouled in a Eurocup match.
Charging and blocking
"Offensive fouls" redirect here. For the Canadian play, see Offensive fouls.
When significant [n 1] illegal contact occurs between a ball carrier and a defender, this usually means that either -
The defender committed blocking foul, or
The ball carrier committed offensive foul of charging .
The choice between them is complex, partly subjective and often controversial.
In general, the ball carrier has committed an offense if all of the following conditions are met:
The defender was stationary or moving sideways or backwards but not forwards when contact was made.
Defender has taken legal guarding position before contact, i.e. with both feet on the floor.
The defender was hit in the torso (not in the arm or leg).
In the NBA, on contact while moving towards the basket, the referees do not take into account the position of the defender's legs, but decide if the defending player's torso was in place before the offensive player began to move up. [2] The exception is that an attacking foul is not normally called if the player carrying the ball is within 4 feet (1.22 m) of the center of the basket (known in the rules as the "no-go zone" and sometimes colloquially as "smiling face" [3] ). That is, if the ball carrier is under the basket, the defense usually cannot restrict his or her movement by striking. However, a charge may be declared if the offensive player receives the ball in an area close to the basket, known as the "bottom guard"
The associated call is player controlled foul . [n 2]
Strategy
In addition to using his hands in neutral space to defend or deflect a pass or shot, the defender uses his body to prevent the ball carrier from advancing towards the basket. The only absolute way for a defender to achieve this is to stand directly in the path of the ball carrier and "draw the attack". Without this, the defender's use of the body can cause the ball carrier to hesitate or change tactics. Both opponents are restrained by the desire not to commit a foul.
Catching the ball or touching the ball carrier's hand while on the ball is not a foul, but the ball carrier, especially in the act of shooting, can easily cause more contact, which is a blocking foul. against the defender.
After contact occurs, the defender may fall to the ground to exaggerate the force of the collision and cause a foul. (The ball handler rarely does this, as it can interfere with a goal.) Blatant cheating is disparagingly called "flopping" and is punished at all levels of basketball.
Screening
A Screening - an attacker's attempt to prevent a defender from defending a ball carrier. For example, John Stockton and Karl Malone were well known for their pick and roll (or screen and roll) play. A teammate of the player in possession of the ball acts as a spotter; he stands in the way of the defender when the ball carrier passes the screen. This at least costs the defender time and may cause a collision. Or leaves the player with the ball unattended. However, if the ball player moves towards the ball carrier when contact occurs, or fails to take into account the elements of time and distance, or initiates contact, he is charged with illegal screening or setting moving selection . These are blocking fouls.
Other fouls on ball carrier
In the NBA, the ball carrier may not attempt to dribble past a defender if there is not enough room, such as dribble between the defender and a boundary player or another defender. If the ball carrier has room to go around the defender with his head and shoulders, then the defender is responsible.
FIBA does not codify this rule, but contact caused by the leading player is still penalized.
Fouls away from the ball
The rules are symmetrical for contact between attackers and defenders not involving the ball carrier. Any player is entitled to legal position on the court. A player in a position that will hinder an opponent must take into account the elements of time and distance; that is, not to take a position so close or so fast that the enemy cannot avoid contact. This includes gradually slowing down after running with an opponent and situations where the opponent does not see the player's movement.
Other personal fouls
Pushing - Contact that displaces an opponent (eg pushing a player away from the basket or using body weight to influence a player's movements).
Holding - Contact that interferes with a player's freedom of movement (eg physically grabbing a player walking towards the basket).
Unlawful use of hands - Reaching hands outside the top hat and causing unlawful contact (eg, attempted theft, but hitting a player's hand or hand, or hitting a shooter's hand).
Manual check - Defense contact with a dribbler that interferes with the player's speed, quickness, rhythm and/or balance.
Illegal use of the elbow - Bringing the elbow out of the cylinder to put the opponent at a disadvantage. It mostly happens during play after play when the offense or defense is trying to get in the best position.
Illegal use of legs or knees (on a dunk): Jumping one knee forward to intentionally hit a defender.
Not foul
The referees, who called every case of illegal player contact, dominated the game, except for the athletes, but the reluctance to make calls made the game excessively violent. The rules instruct referees to seek a balance between these extremes, but do not define it. [n 3]
When players are challenging for an out-of-bounds ball and one player makes illegal but minor contact, referees often do not consider the foul to be justified but resolve the situation by simply giving possession of the ball to the other team .
Tackle foul is a misnomer. Moving towards a player is not a foul, although physical contact may be considered a foul.
Penalties
The official scorer records the foul on the two counts of fouls on the scoresheet:
As foul by player against the offender during play. A player who scores too many fouls receives a penalty (see below).
As team foul against the offending player's team during the current quarter or half. A team that has accumulated too many fouls during this period goes into a penalty situation and places the other team on a "bonus". In men's college basketball (but not women's), a different, higher number of team fouls gives the other team a "double bonus" in terms of free throws. (See article on free throws.)
On a foul committed by the defense (and foul on a wicked ball when neither team is in possession of the ball), if the fouling team is in a penalty situation or the fouled player was in the act of throwing, then the fouled player is awarded free throws. Otherwise, and in the case of offensive fouls, the offending player's team is granted possession of the ball to pass within the playing court from the out-spot closest to the foul. In the clock for the shot dropped.
In some rulebooks, eg FIBA, a technical foul counts in the player's foul count.
If the game goes to after some time, the foul counter is not reset but continues as if the extra time was a continuation of the final regulation period. The NBA and WNBA are exceptions as each extra period has its own team foul count.
Free throws plus possession
The NBA awards a fouled player with free throws followed by possession in the following cases:
A flagrant foul.
Defensive foul when the ball carrier is in the frontcourt with a "clear path" to the basket (no defender is between the ball carrier and the basket). [4]
Away from the ball foul in the last two minutes of the game.
Strategy
Sam Van Rossom scores a two-point shot and is fouled in the same game.
Fans and commentators often talk about a "good foul" when a foul player would otherwise have scored the right ball. By fouling a player and preventing an easy two points, the defender forces the attacker to "earn" two points from free throws. However, if the foul does not prevent the player from scoring a goal, the basket counts and the fouled player receives an additional free throw.
After the offending player shoots free throws, the defensive team is likely to intercept the ball. This is a reward if the last free throw was taken. Even if it is missed, defenders can get into better positions on the edge of the lane to get the rebound.
Near the end of the game, the losing team may intentionally foul the attacking players to stop the clock and regain possession of the ball, in the hope that the player will miss their free throws. Coaches study free throw percentage so that the defense can foul a ball carrier who does not do well on a free throw. The "Hack-a-Shaq" strategy was widely used against Shaquille O'Neal due to his poor percentage. The defense is not free to foul of choice on the five offensive players, as a "away from the ball" foul results in free throws plus possession. The use of deliberate fouls to extend play is unique in basketball; most other sports consider such maneuvers a form of unsportsmanlike conduct and impose stiffer penalties on teams that attempt them (see professional foul and unfair act in football codes).
Foul
Towards the end of the game, a team may commit so few fouls that they can commit one or more fouls without receiving a bonus from the opponent. It is said that the team has one or more fouls to give . A player who is not close to fouling may foul an opponent with impunity to prevent a likely outcome.
To prevent games from getting bogged down in cheap fouls, NBA rules stipulate that a second foul in the last two minutes of the half gives the fouled team a bonus (allowing free throws) regardless of the number of team fouls.
Fouling
A player who commits five personal fouls in a 40-minute game [n 4] or six in a 48-minute game fouls and is disqualified for the remainder of the game. The player is within one or two fouls before a "foul" foul. Players who violate the rules are not sent off and may remain on the bench until the end of the game. Violation of the rules of the game is not a disciplinary sanction.
In the NCAA and FIBA, if a team has fewer than five players due to a foul, injury, or throw, play continues. A team is declared the loser if it is reduced to one player.
This rule was enforced in an NCAA game between the Minnesota Golden Gophers and the Alabama Crimson Tide on November 25, 2017. With 1:39 p.m. left in the second half, a brawl broke out involving Minnesota players and Alabama players on the bench. . The entire Alabama bench was thrown out, leaving just five active players in the Crimson Tide. Alabama's Dazon Ingram fouled at 11:37 and John Petty left the game with a sprained ankle, forcing the Tide to play the final match at 10:41 with three players.
In the NBA and WNBA, the number of players cannot be less than five. And the penalty for a player's foul is when only five qualifying players remain. If there are only five players, the player who violated the rules remains in the game. If another of the five players is thrown out or injured, the last fouler is returned to the game. Under the player's foul penalty rule, each situation results in a technical foul, with the non-offending team attempting one free throw for a technical foul. If that player commits another foul, the opponent will be awarded one additional free throw in the same situation in addition to any free throws awarded, including offensive fouls that are not normally awarded free throws. Each such situation will count as a technical foul related to unsportsmanlike conduct. These technical fouls are not unsportsmanlike conduct and therefore do not result in exclusion from the game.
This rule allows Don Otten to set the NBA record for most personal fouls in a regular season game. He committed eight fouls while playing for the Tri-Cities Blackhawks (now the Atlanta Hawks) against the Sheboygan Red Skins on November 24, 1949. [5] This rule also applied in a game between the Los Angeles Lakers and the Cleveland Cavaliers on February 5, 2014. [6] The Lakers had five players left due to injury when Robert Sacre stayed in the game after a foul. [7]
In FIBA Authorized 3x3 In half court competitions, players cannot foul because personal foul counts are only on a team basis and not individually. [8] However, unsportsmanlike and disqualifying fouls (equivalent to flagrant fouls in most North American rule sets) are charged to individuals, and a player who commits two unsportsmanlike fouls or one disqualifying foul is ejected from the game. [9] [10]
In the NBA, two technical fouls or one rough 2 (unnecessary and excessive contact) are disqualifying fouls. Team technical fouls may accumulate on substitutes and staff. The coaching staff is also subject to exclusion from the game. Ejected personnel may also incur a fine. 9 Article 38: Disqualifying Foul (PDF). 3x3 Basketball Official Rules . FIBA. August 29, 2019. pp. 37–39. Retrieved May 12, 2020.
external link
2008 NCAA Men's and Women's Basketball Rules (PDF)
International Basketball Federation (June 2004). 2004 Official Basketball Rules .
NBA Rule 12: Fouls and Punishments
2019-20 NBA Rulebook. See Rule No. 12: Fouls and Penalties.
How many basketball fouls to send off?
Our site presents the seventh edition of the Basketball language rubric. In it, we talk about basketball terms - borrowed words, specific expressions and jargon - the language that all participants and fans of the game speak. Each word is accompanied by a video tutorial with illustrative examples. We bring to your attention the seventh series of the Basketball Language project, in which we will analyze in detail four terms: unsportsmanlike foul, technical foul, zone and personal defense. Unsportsmanlike foul An unsportsmanlike foul is a personal charge against a player who, in the opinion of the referee, did not legally attempt to play the ball directly in accordance with the rules. An unsportsmanlike foul is called on the offender and a free throw(s) is awarded to the opposing team, after which the ball is passed to that team for a midfield throw-in. Generally, unsportsmanlike fouls are called for gross infractions that could result in injury to a player, as well as deliberate fouls in situations where the attacking side is highly likely to hit the ring. So, for example, a similar punishment follows when trying to disrupt fast attacks, if the player who violates the rules is the last defender on the way to the ring.
Technical foul A technical foul is a foul not caused by contact with an opponent. Called for unsportsmanlike behavior: disrespectful treatment of opponent players, referees or match commissioner, insulting or provocative gestures, delaying the game, entering the playing court without the referee's permission. A technical foul is called on the offender and a free throw(s) is awarded to the opposing team, after which the ball is passed to that team for a throw-in from the middle of the court. Due to the similarity of penalties, technical and unsportsmanlike fouls are often confused. It should be remembered that an unsportsmanlike foul is punished only by players and only for game violations. Technical fouls can be received both by basketball players on the court and by representatives of the bench. They are associated with non-playing moments and can be recorded both at the time when the ball is “live” and when it is “dead”.
Man on man defense and zone defense There are several different types of defense in basketball. The most popular of these is personal (personal) protection. When using it, each of the defending players takes care of one opponent attached specifically to him. Usually they try to disassemble opponents according to their position. This is how centers defend against centers, heavy forwards defend against heavy forwards, and so on.
The second most popular defense system is zone defense. Its essence lies in the fact that each player must defend within a certain zone on the site, and not against a specific player, as in personal defense. This type of defense has both its pros and cons. It allows you to save strength, hides the lack of athleticism and allows you to quickly move from defense to attack. On the other hand, zone defense requires high coordination and is ineffective against teams with a large number of snipers. The cons of using it often outweigh the pros. Therefore, in modern basketball, zone defense is used most often on a short-term basis as a temporary or reserve option.
In basketball, infractions caused by personal contact or unsportsmanlike conduct are called fouls. The following types of fouls exist:
· personal - committed as a result of personal contact;
technical - not caused by contact with an opponent, may be the result of disrespect for the referees, an opponent, game delays, procedural violations;
· unsportsmanlike - is made as a result of contact in which the player did not try to play the ball within the rules;
· disqualifying - caused by flagrant unsportsmanlike conduct.
A player who has received 5 fouls in a match (6 fouls in the NBA) must leave the playing court. He cannot take part in the match, but he has the right to remain on the bench. After receiving a disqualifying foul, the player must leave the playing court without the right to remain on the bench.
A foul may also be received by a coach, a team official or a player on the bench. Each foul counts as a team foul, except for a technical foul received by a coach, a team official or a player on the bench.
Basketball fouls
A foul is an infraction of the rules of the game caused by a player's personal contact or unsportsmanlike behaviour.
Types of fouls: - personal; - technical; - unsportsmanlike; - disqualifying. If a player has received five fouls during the game, he must leave the playing court and may not take part in further play (but he is allowed to be on the bench until the end of the game). A player who has received a disqualifying foul must leave the venue without fail (he is not allowed to even be on the bench). The team coach is also disqualified in the following cases: - if he commits two technical fouls; Substitute or team official commits three technical fouls - The team coach commits one technical foul and a team official or substitute commits two technical fouls. Each foul counts towards the team foul count, except for technical fouls that are received by a team coach, bench player or team official. A personal foul is a foul that a player receives as a result of personal contact during a game. Penalty: If the foul is committed on a player who is not in the throwing phase, then: - If the team has not yet accumulated 5 team fouls or is committed by a player whose team was in possession of the ball, then the affected team administers a throw-in; - Otherwise, the injured player shoots two free throws. If a foul is committed on a player who is in the throwing phase then: - if the throw was successful, then it counts, and the injured player performs one free throw; - If the throw was unsuccessful, then the player who was injured performs as many free throws as the team would have earned if the throw was successful. An unsportsmanlike foul is a foul that occurs as a result of contact where the player did not attempt to play the ball in accordance with the rules of the game. Penalty: If a foul is committed on a player who is in the throwing phase, then proceed as in the case of a personal foul. In the event that a foul is committed on a player who is not in the throwing stage, then the player who is injured performs two free throws. After free throws have been taken, the injured team shall take a throw-in at the center line extended. The exception is fouls that were committed before the start of the first period. In this case, after the execution of free throws, a jump ball is played (as in the cases of the beginning of the game).
” – 2018-19 NCAA Rulebook: Rule 10 – Fouls and Penalties
Many players, both in college and the pros, made their name by playing hard-nosed defense which included committing hard fouls on their opponents so that they thought twice about driving into the lane. This was an example of a strategic personal foul, that served a purpose and sent a message.
If you look at almost any basketball comeback, there are some elements of fouling a team to try and slow the game down. It may not always be exciting but it can be effective.
The defense has the right to their position and if a player impedes that, it is a charge. The charge is one of the most controversial calls in basketball because of how difficult it is to be called on a regular basis. Each referee is different and even if you take the perfect charge, there is no guarantee that it will be called in your favor.
9 minutes per game. That means Silva averaged almost 4 fouls per game and committed on average every five and a half minutes for the season!
Even if he makes one out of two, it still very good. Of course, every situation is different if there’s only a minute left and you’re in double bonus you are going to need to foul if your down. Regardless your stopping time and hoping they miss to give you an opportunity to tie the game.
Guess what? The ref gave you a foul for the last call and now you picked up a technical foul for arguing the call in the heat of the moment. Now your out of the game because you picked up 2 fouls when you already had 3.
The threshold is subjective and varies among officials and from game to game. Most contact fouls are not considered unsportsmanlike. However, excessive or unjustified contact is punished more severely. The NBA calls them flagrant fouls ; other rulebooks call them unsportsmanlike or disqualifying fouls. 
Running with the ball and punching are now infractions. Holding the ball with the hands or body is now rare, but legal. 
The only absolute way for a defender to achieve this is to stand directly in the path of the ball carrier and "draw the attack". Without this, the defender's use of the body can cause the ball carrier to hesitate or change tactics. Both opponents are restrained by the desire not to commit a foul. 
A teammate of the player in possession of the ball acts as a spotter; he stands in the way of the defender when the ball carrier passes the screen. This at least costs the defender time and may cause a collision. Or leaves the player with the ball unattended. However, if the ball player moves towards the ball carrier when contact occurs, or fails to take into account the elements of time and distance, or initiates contact, he is charged with illegal screening or setting moving selection . These are blocking fouls. 
Any player is entitled to legal position on the court. A player in a position that will hinder an opponent must take into account the elements of time and distance; that is, not to take a position so close or so fast that the enemy cannot avoid contact. This includes gradually slowing down after running with an opponent and situations where the opponent does not see the player's movement. 
In the clock for the shot dropped. 
By fouling a player and preventing an easy two points, the defender forces the attacker to "earn" two points from free throws. However, if the foul does not prevent the player from scoring a goal, the basket counts and the fouled player receives an additional free throw. 
The use of deliberate fouls to extend play is unique in basketball; most other sports consider such maneuvers a form of unsportsmanlike conduct and impose stiffer penalties on teams that attempt them (see professional foul and unfair act in football codes). 
The player is within one or two fouls before a "foul" foul. Players who violate the rules are not sent off and may remain on the bench until the end of the game. Violation of the rules of the game is not a disciplinary sanction. 
If there are only five players, the player who violated the rules remains in the game. If another of the five players is thrown out or injured, the last fouler is returned to the game. Under the player's foul penalty rule, each situation results in a technical foul, with the non-offending team attempting one free throw for a technical foul. If that player commits another foul, the opponent will be awarded one additional free throw in the same situation in addition to any free throws awarded, including offensive fouls that are not normally awarded free throws. Each such situation will count as a technical foul related to unsportsmanlike conduct. These technical fouls are not unsportsmanlike conduct and therefore do not result in exclusion from the game. 
[5] This rule also applied in a game between the Los Angeles Lakers and the Cleveland Cavaliers on February 5, 2014. [6] The Lakers had five players left due to injury when Robert Sacre stayed in the game after a foul. [7] 
3x3 Basketball Official Rules . FIBA. August 29, 2019. pp. 37–39. Retrieved May 12, 2020. 
A technical foul is called on the offender and a free throw(s) is awarded to the opposing team, after which the ball is passed to that team for a throw-in from the middle of the court. 
This is how centers defend against centers, heavy forwards defend against heavy forwards, and so on. 
The following types of fouls exist: 
