How basketball started in zimbabwe

Godfather of Zim basketball | The Sunday Mail

The Sunday Mail

Tinashe Kusema
Deputy Sports Editor

UNLIKE Ronald Garura, Farai Tumbare, Vitalis Chikoko or the litany of basketball stars that have emerged from this country, the name Edgar Rogers is one least likely to strike a chord with an ordinary sportsperson.

Yet it is one that should.

After all, Rogers is one of a handful of people who hold the distinction of having represented the country under the Rhodesian regime, Zimbabwe-Rhodesia (after the Unilateral Declaration of Independence) and independent Zimbabwe.

Now 72-years-old, Rogers was the first captain of the Zimbabwe national basketball team after independence.

He is credited with securing the country’s re-admittance into the International Basketball Federation in 1982.

Even after having been one of the founding members of Arcadia Bucs, a former Basketball Union of Zimbabwe president and ex-Zimbabwe Olympic Committee secretary-general, it is, however, his ability to break racial barriers as a “coloured” (mixed race) that he is most famed for and proud of.

And this all started with a conversation with the late Dr Edison Furatidzayi Chisingaitwi Sithole, a former veteran nationalist.

“One of the things I hate the most is racism and snobbery, and unfortunately, both played a huge part in my basketball career.

“However, it is words of encouragement I received from the late Sithole that I still hold dear to my heart and helped me through some trying times,” said Rogers.

“It was just before independence, 1976 I think, and I had been selected into the national team for a tour to South Africa along with club teammates Kimon Raftopolous and Paul Little (a white Bucs player).

“I was vice captain on this tour, but just before departure we received word that South Africa, still under Apartheid at the time, were mulling cancelling the tour due to our presence.

“A lot of manoeuvring was done for us to be allowed to travel, but only on the provision that we would be recognised as unofficial whites.

“It was that term that I hated and the one that left me contemplating refusing to go.

“I was then summoned by the late Sithole, and a few other Zanu PF officials, who told me to go as it would, as they said, ‘open the door for others’.

“That turned out to be the reassurance I needed, and, as I look back, it ended up being quite a successful tour for us.”

The team reportedly won seven out of the eight games it played and became the third multi-racial national team to play in Apartheid South Africa after the New Zealand All Blacks rugby team and the French rugby team.

“We caused quite a stir, especially in Cape Town and more so in Johannesburg, where my friends, along with other locals, were allowed into the stadium to watch.

“South Africa had just got countrywide television and our game in Pretoria was one of the first basketball games to be televised,” Rogers said.

Now in retrospect, this barrier-breaking tour could never have been imagined by a boy who some 13 years prior, had no idea what basketball was. But it was not the first sport for Rogers, now based in the United Kingdom, neither would it become his most significant.

Born on June 27, 1947, Rogers’ first flirtation with the sport began during the summer of 1963, when the United States of America-based Harlem Globetrotters came to Zimbabwe for an exhibition match.

“I learnt at predominantly non-basketball playing schools during my formative years and it was when I was at Morgan High School that I had my first taste of basketball.

“I went to see the Harlem Globetrotters play when they came here for an exhibition match.”

With the seed sown, Rogers went back and helped introduce the sport back at his school.

As an avid reader himself, Rogers was a member of the American library in Harare, which was affiliated to Young Men Christian Association. It is the same organisation that put him in the path of former Finance Minister Herbert Murerwa.

“In 1969, while at YMCA, I met Herbert Murerwa and he helped me and my colleagues — Dudley Gibbs, Kimon and Gerry Raftopolous and Anthony Tony Greenland — to form a basketball team.

“This team later went on to become the first black league team in the country and recorded league success, both as YMCA and later Arcadia Bucs, when the name-change occurred in 1975.”

His defining moment would come soon after Independence when he had his inaugural tour as the first captain of the Zimbabwe national team.

“I captained Zimbabwe against Mozambique and Kenya after Independence and retired from playing at the end of the 1980/81 season.

“I think it was sometime in April 1980, at the age of 34. All the Bucs founding fathers had already retired.

“By that time I had been elected as vice chairman of Mashonaland (1977) and was now serving as the secretary-general of BUZ (1979) while still playing,” he said.

Three days after his retirement in 1980, Rogers wrote to FIBA to re-instate Zimbabwe into the international basketball community.

“I wrote to FIBA to have our suspension lifted and they replied almost immediately.

“We were then invited, together with my then-chairman Alan Bruce-Brand, to attend the international congress in Moscow at the 1980 Olympics.

“Alan and I hitched a lift with the Zimbabwe Olympic team as they were also invited to the games for the first time since 1960.

“We received a warm welcome at the conference, which was attended by over 100 countries, and also had the privilege of watching top basketball games and our Hockey Golden Girls win their medal.”

After the trip, Rogers was then co-opted into ZOC as secretary-general until 2001.

While at ZOC, Rogers performed the roles of deputy team manager and team manager.

He has also been a delegate at seven Olympics, four Commonwealth Games and three All-Africa Games.

At the 1995 All-Africa Games hosted by Zimbabwe, he was team manager of what remains the largest contingent to represent the country, with over 250 athletes and officials.

Three years later, at the 1998 Kuala Lumpur Games, he was elected as vice president for Africa on the Commonwealth Games Federation until 2004 when he relocated to the UK at the end of the Athens Olympics.

Rogers has now settled into life away from the hustle and bustle of sport and is father to three boys — Cyprus, Lucas and Edgar Junior.

He also spoke of the coronavirus pandemic.

“Life has been hard for everyone, what with the coronavirus, and I spend most of my days reading.

“I am an avid reader from my school days and most recently have taken to reading some of the books on the late great Nelson Mandela.

“I do try my best to keep track of the basketball scene back home and will be looking at ways to help resurrect Arcadia Bucs.

“I hear some work is being done to help revitalise the courts, so that is an area we might look into,” said Rogers.

How a new basketball court brought hope and joy to a Zimbabwe town

Feb 27, 2020

• ESPN staff

• print

It's a perfect day in Victoria Falls, Zimbabwe. Chamabondo Primary School is buzzing with excitement.

It's August 2019, and with the help of Africa Outreach USA's (AOUSA) Jack Ramsay Development Grassroots Basketball Initiative, the town is dedicating the court and celebrating its completion. And they should celebrate -- they built this court themselves; the parents, teachers, coaches and players all helped.

They took a dirt field behind the school, dug a foundation and laid the bricks. They filled the foundation with river sand and rubble. They mixed, poured and smoothed the cement surface. The lines were painted and the baskets were finally put in place.

Soon, the basketball clinic begins, and the players and coaches work very hard. Everyone is learning something. There are smiles, a few laughs, a lot of sweat and a lot of fun.

Things get really exciting when they break for lunch and the band fires up. The music is terrific, and the dancing is spectacular. Kids get to show off their dance moves. These are traditional African dances. They are beyond impressive. When the band stops, a deejay pumps music through a sound system, more kids hit the court for freestyle dances challenges. Everyone is riveted.

Hall of Fame basketball coach Dr. Jack Ramsay (right) helped launch AOUSA, a foundation that supports underserved communities. Dr. Jack died in 2014, but the program continues, delivering donated basketball gear and building basketball courts in Africa. AOUSA is a small volunteer foundation with big plans.

There are more than 100 projects in the works in Zimbabwe, Zambia, South Africa, Burkina Faso and Malawi. And in mid-January, AOUSA launched its very first court-building project at a school in Uga, Nigeria. AOUSA volunteers, including Dr. Jack's son, Chris Ramsay, and other program sponsors travel to Victoria Falls and many other locations around the continent to teach basketball fundamentals to coaches and players.

Basketballs are a precious commodity in rural Zimbabwe, and on this day, they are in short supply. There are nearly 100 players and coaches here. But there are just five balls for the clinic. So they work on defense ... a lot of defense.

Guarding the shooter ... guarding the ball handler ... guarding the player without the ball ... how to shuffle feet ... what to do with arms and hands.

The coaches do their best working with a 20-to-1 player-to-basketball ratio. They break into small groups and run through dribbling drills. Fingertip control, pound the ball, eyes up, use the off-arm to ward off the defender. Passing and shooting drills follow.

"My dad, Dr. Jack Ramsay, always stressed fundamentals, even with the best players in the world," said Chris Ramsay, a recently retired ESPN NBA editor. "We follow his template with our campers today ... over-emphasizing proper fundamentals in each of the drills. "

Dr. Jack coached four different teams in the NBA from 1968 to 1988, winning an NBA championship in 1977 with the Portland Trail Blazers. When Dr. Jack was done coaching, then-NBA Commissioner David Stern asked him to help spread the gospel of basketball and share the game with countries around the world. The court at Chamabondo and dozens of others like it, are part of Dr. Jack's international legacy.

Everyone here seems to know Prince Kombora (above). He's a little kid with a big heart and an even bigger smile. He has basketball talent. Volunteers are shocked to learn he is in seventh grade at Chinotimba Primary School across town. He looks like a much younger kid. But he is tough.

He makes the all-star team and plays in the game with much bigger kids. He is driving through traffic and diving for loose balls. At one point he is at the bottom of a pile of players. When a bigger kid pulls the ball out of the pile, Prince is lifted along with it, still hanging on. Indiana residents Ken Julian and Eric Allen sponsored this court through a partnership between AOUSA and the Global Game Changers Foundation. Their foundation seeds projects like this one and others around the world. They are generous and visionary.

Isaac Sibanda (No. 21 in the photo, at the top of the key) is clearly the best player on the court. He is dominating the competition -- scoring, passing, rebounding and blocking shots. He will win MVP honors at the clinic. But he isn't wearing shoes while playing. Isaac has sneakers, but he uses them judiciously. He is saving the soles of those shoes for days when he really needs them.

This is a choice that Isaac (above with Chris Ramsay) has to make, because he is not sure he will get another pair of sneakers when the ones he has wear out. After the all-star game, Isaac receives a gently used pair of Nike high tops donated by a high school player from America.

On the morning of the Chamabondo dedication, Sister Clareta (second from left) from St. Francis School in Bulilimamangwe, Zimbabawe, put her players on a train for the 300-mile trip to Victoria Falls. She and the players arrive late, but they are ready to play. They are a scrappy bunch and do well in the drills and games. Teams have come from all over to take part in the Jack Ramsay Grassroots Basketball Camp and test their skills against other teams in the region.

Nash Majoni (left with hat) coaches the girls' team at Kriste Mambo High School and is an AOUSA volunteer in Zimbabwe. Majoni's school does not have a basketball court. This is not unusual in Africa. Only a small percentage of schools have any kind of basketball facilities. But Majoni is pleased with how his season went. "Our season was very good. We won a tournament this year," he says.

They are winners, but they still have many challenges to overcome.

"We don't have a court, so we go into a field behind the school and practice dribbling in the field. Then we practice passing. And then we shoot the ball to the line."

Majoni draws a line in the dirt. Players shoot the ball in the air, and if the ball lands on the line, that counts as a made field goal. Once a week, he and his team will walk five miles to practice at a school that has a court. The effort it takes to run a basketball program in Zimbabwe and the commitment of the coaches and players is remarkable.

Each team at the clinic receives a set of uniforms donated by basketball programs in Connecticut. Farmington High School, Farmington Rec, Miss Porter's School, Westminster School, Glastonbury Basketball, EO Smith, Canton High and ATTACK Basketball all donated uniforms. There is an even larger shipment of donated gear awaiting clearance at FedEx in Harare, Zimbabwe's capital, located some 700 kilometers away.

Hundreds of sneakers, dozens of basketballs, uniforms and referee shirts. The plan was to distribute the equipment as the volunteers traveled, but additional paperwork was needed for the donations to clear customs. This is an ongoing challenge AOUSA hopes to better navigate in the future.

NBA Commissioner Adam Silver and Michele Roberts, the executive director of the National Basketball Players Association, recently wrote in a letter to NBA players: "Building and refurbishing courts are some of the many and most meaningful ways we use basketball to empower young people around the world. As you well know, a basketball court is a special place to play and be active and learn the lifelong values of sports, including hard work, teamwork and respect."

The mission for AOUSA is the same.

The sun has set and with no exterior lighting, it is pitch black. The celebration at Chamabondo has ended. Volunteers pile into a van to drive back to the hotel, tired and hungry. However, the battery is dead and the van won't start. The volunteers sit in the dark and have a good laugh.

Ramsay thinks about his dad. Dr. Jack retired after 20 years of coaching in the NBA. Stern then sent him around the world to help develop the game of basketball. He ran camps and coaching clinics in just about every corner of the globe, but, ironically, he never made it to Africa.

Chris says: "I feel like [my dad] was with us today, running drills with the kids and the coaches on this brand new court in Victoria Falls."

Basketball Hall of Famer and former ESPN analyst Dr. Jack Ramsay began the Africa Outreach USA Jack Ramsay Grassroots Basketball Development Initiative in 2012. His son, Chris Ramsay, was a longtime deputy editor at ESPN before retiring this year.

History of world basketball and history of basketball in Russia

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Basketball (English basket - basket, ball - ball) is one of the most popular team sports in the world. Basketball is played by two teams, each consisting of five players. The goal of each team is to throw the ball with their hands into the opponent's net ring (basket) and prevent the other team from taking possession of the ball and throwing it into their own basket. The basket is at a height of 3.05 meters (10 feet) from the floor. There are 5 people from each team on the court, in total there are 12 people in the team, substitutions are not limited. For a ball thrown from close and medium distances, 2 points are counted, (because of the three-point line) - 3 points. A free throw is worth one point. The standard size of a basketball court is 28 meters long and 15 meters wide. Basketball is one of the most popular sports in the world.

Basketball around the world

During the winter of 1891, students at the Youth Christian Association College in Springfield, Massachusetts, forced to perform endless gymnastic exercises, considered at that time almost the only means of introducing young people to sports, were very bored in physical education classes. It was necessary to put an end to the monotony of such activities, to introduce a fresh stream into them, which would be able to satisfy the competitive needs of strong and healthy young people.

College teacher James Naismith found a way out of a seemingly dead-end situation. On December 1, 1891, he tied two peach baskets to the railing of the balcony of the sports hall and, dividing eighteen students into two teams, offered them a game, the meaning of which was to throw more balls into the opponents' basket.

The idea of ​​this game originated in his school years, when children played the old game "duck-on-a-rock". The meaning of this game, popular at that time, was as follows: throwing a small stone, it was necessary to hit the top of another stone, larger in size, with it.

Quite pragmatically called "basketball" game only remotely resembled modern basketball. There was no dribbling, the players only threw it to each other, standing still, and then tried to throw it into the basket, and only with both hands from below or from the chest, and after a successful throw, one of the players climbed onto a ladder attached to the wall and removed the ball from the basket . From a modern point of view, the actions of the teams would seem to us sluggish and inhibited, but the goal of Dr. Naismith was to create a team game in which a large number of participants could be involved at the same time, and his invention fully met this task.

Very quickly, starting in 1895, basketball from the USA penetrated first to the East - to Japan, China, the Philippines, as well as to Europe and South America.

In 1904, at the Olympic Games in St. Louis (USA), the Americans organized an exhibition tournament between teams from several cities. Similar demonstration tournaments were held at the 1924 (Paris) and 1928 (Amsterdam) Olympics.

Basketball associations were created in a number of countries, but organizational disunity hindered international contacts and hindered the further development of basketball. June 18 1932 in Geneva, the first international conference of national basketball associations took place. The meeting decided to establish the International Federation of Basketball Associations (FIBA). The first international rules of the game were adopted in 1932 at the first FIBA ​​Congress, after which they were repeatedly adjusted and changed, the last significant changes were made in 1998 and 2004.

In 1935, the International Olympic Committee decided to recognize basketball as an Olympic sport.

Basketball made its Olympic debut at the XI Olympic Games in Berlin in 1936. Men's teams from 21 countries took part in the tournament. Competitions were held in open areas, all subsequent Olympic tournaments were held indoors. The USA team became the first Olympic champion.

The debut of women's basketball at the Olympic Games took place in 1976 in Montreal. Six teams participated in the tournament. The first Olympic champions were the basketball players of the USSR national team, who became champions twice more. The first European Championship among men was held at 1935 in Geneva. Latvian basketball players won. The first European Women's Championship was held in Rome in 1938, which was won by Italian basketball players.

The decision to hold the world championships among men was taken at the FIBA ​​congress during the 1948 Olympics. in London. The first World Basketball Championship took place in 1950. in Buenos Aires (Argentina). 10 teams took part in the championship. The first world champion was the team of Argentina, who defeated the 1948 Olympic champion team of the United States.

At the FIBA ​​congress in Helsinki, in 1952 (during the Olympic Games), it was decided to hold the Women's World Championships. The first championship was held in 1953 in Santiago (Chile), and the first champions were American basketball players.

Thus, the game, which was once invented just for the sake of diversifying the physical education lessons of students, has become one of the most popular and massive sports games in the world. With the development of the Game, its rules were changed and supplemented, as well as the equipment and layout of the site (for example, the introduction of a time limit (24 seconds) for an attack by the team of the opponent's basket, or the appearance of a line, for hitting due to which the team is awarded 3 points (1984)).

Basketball in Russia

Basketball in Russia was born in 1906. Place of birth - St. Petersburg, sports society "Mayak".

The gymnasts of this society created the first basketball teams, then the teams appeared in the "Bogatyr" society, and some others. But before the October Revolution of 1917. this game was cultivated practically only in the capital of Russia - Petersburg. The new life of basketball in Russia begins in the early twenties. As an independent subject, basketball is introduced first at the Main Military School of Physical Education of Workers, and a little later at the Moscow Institute of Physical Culture.

Graduates of these educational institutions became the first specialists in basketball in our country.

The basketball tournament held in 1923 is considered to be the first championship of the country. at the first All-Union Physical Culture Festival. In the same 1923 appeared in the USSR and the first official rules.

In 1947, the All-Union Basketball Section became a member of the International Basketball Federation. Soviet basketball players received the right to participate in all competitions organized by FIBA. In the same year, the USSR national men's team took part in the European Championship. Our basketball players defeated the teams of Yugoslavia, Hungary, Bulgaria, Egypt, Poland and met in the final with the European champion - the team of Czechoslovakia. Having won with a score of 56:37, the USSR national team won the title of European champion.

The USSR men's team was one of the strongest teams in the world during the 1950s, 1960s, 1970s and 1980s.

In total, in the final stages of 39 tournaments (9 Olympiads, 9 World Championships and 21 Europeans) from 1947 to 1990, in which the USSR team took part, only at the very first World Cup in 1959, the Soviet team failed to get into the number winners, and even then only for political reasons, the team was deprived of gold, since despite the fact that the USSR team won all its matches, it refused to play with the Taiwanese team. Such a unique achievement has not been conquered by any other basketball team.

Here is a complete list of the historical achievements of the USSR men's team:

Olympic champion (2): 1972, 1988.

Olympic silver medalist (4): 1956, 1960, 1964, 1968

Olympic bronze medalist (3): 1968, 1976, 1980

World Champion (3): 1967, 1974, 1982

Vice World Champion (3): 1978, 1986, 1990

European Champion (14): 1947, 1951, 1953, 1957, 1959, 1961, 1963, 1965, 1967, 1969, 1971, 1979, 1981, 1985 (From 1957 to 1971, the USSR national team won 8 European Championships in a row).

The performance of the USSR women's team on the international arena looks no less impressive:

The USSR national team - 21 times became the champion of Europe (1950-1956, 1960-1991)

6 times the USSR national team held the title of World Champion (19649, , 1967, 1971, 1975 and 1983) and twice became the bronze medalist (1957 and 1986)

Three times the team became the Champion of the Olympic Games (1976, 1980, 1992 (under the flag of the united team)), in 1988 the USSR women's team became the bronze medalist of the Seoul Olympics.

The history of the Russian national teams, which are the official successors of the USSR national teams, dates back to 1992. The achievements of the Russian national teams are not as great as those of their predecessors, but these teams have something to be proud of!

So, the Russian men's team twice became the silver medalist of the World Championships (1994 and 1998), the Champion (2007), and also the silver medal (1993) and bronze (1997) winner of the European Championships.

The achievements of the Russian women's team are even more significant:

Bronze medalists of the Olympic Games (2): 2004, 2008

World Championship silver medalists (3): 1998, 2002, 2006

European Champions (2): 2003, 2007

European Championship silver medalists (3): 2001, 2005, 2009

Bronze medalists of the European Championships (2): 1995, 1999

Basketball: history, rules, inventory, playground

Basketball (from English basket - basket, ball - ball) is an Olympic sport, a sports team game with a ball, the goal of which is to throw the ball into the opponent's basket more times than the opposing team does at the set time. Each team consists of 5 field players.

Contents

• The history of the emergence and development of basketball
• Basketball rules (briefly)
• Basketball field
• Basketball
• Basketball hoop and backboard dimensions
• Refereeing in basketball
• Basketball Federation

The history of the emergence and development of basketball

In 1891, in the United States of America, a young teacher, a native of Canada, Dr. James Naismith, trying to "revive" gymnastics lessons, attached two fruit baskets to the railing of the balcony and suggested throwing soccer balls into it. The resulting game only remotely resembled modern basketball. There was no question of any management, the players threw the ball to each other and then tried to throw it into the basket. The team that scored the most goals won.

A year later, Naismith developed the first rules of basketball. The very first matches under these rules caused their first changes.

Gradually, basketball from the United States penetrated first to the East - Japan, China, the Philippines, and then to Europe and South America. After 10 years at the Olympic Games in St. Louis, the Americans organized a demonstration tour between the teams of several cities. The Basketball Association of America (BAA) was formed in 1946. The first match under her auspices took place on November 1 of the same year in Toronto between the Toronto Huskies and New York Knickerbockers. At 19In 1949, the association merged with the US National Basketball League to form the National Basketball Association (NBA). In 1967, the American Basketball Association was created, which for a long time tried to compete with the NBA, but merged with it 9 years later. Today, the NBA is one of the most influential and well-known professional basketball leagues in the world.

The International Amateur Basketball Federation was founded in 1932. The federation includes 8 countries: Argentina, Greece, Italy, Latvia, Portugal, Romania. Sweden, Czechoslovakia. Based on the name, it was assumed that the organization would only lead amateur basketball, however, at 1989, professional basketball players received admission to international competitions, and the word "amateur" was removed from the name.

The very first international match took place in 1904, and in 1936 basketball entered the program of the Summer Olympic Games.

Basketball rules (briefly)

The rules of the game of basketball changed several times until 2004, when the final version of the rules took shape, which is considered relevant to this day.

1. Basketball is played by two teams. Usually a team consists of 12 people, 5 of which are field players, and the rest are considered substitutes.
2. Basketball dribbling . Athletes in possession of the ball must move around the field, hitting the floor with it. Otherwise, "carrying the ball" will be counted, and this is a violation of the rules in basketball. Accidentally touching the ball with a body part other than the hand is not considered a foul, unlike purposeful play with the foot or fist.
3. A basketball game consists of 4 periods or halves, but the time of each half (play time) varies depending on the basketball association. So, for example, in NBA a match consists of 4 halves of 12 minutes each, and in FIBA ​​each such half lasts 10 minutes.
4. Short breaks are provided between periods, and between the second and third periods, the break time is increased.
5. The ball thrown into the basket can bring a different number of points to its team. If the ball is scored during the free throw, the team earns 1 point. If the ball is thrown from an average or close distance (closer than the 3-point line), then the team is given 2 points. A team earns three points if the ball is scored from behind the three-point line.
6. If in regular time both teams scored the same number of points, then a 5-minute overtime is assigned, if it ended in a draw, then the next one is assigned and so on until the winner is determined.
7. 3 Second Rule - A rule that prohibits any player on the offensive team from being in the free throw area for more than three seconds.
8. Basketball Two Step Rule . The player is only allowed to take two steps with the ball, after which he must either shoot or pass.

Basketball field

The playing field for basketball has a rectangular shape and a hard surface. The surface of the site must not have any bends, cracks or any other deformations. The size of the basketball court must be 28 meters long and 15 meters wide (standard). The height of the ceiling must be at least 7 meters, and on professional sites, ceilings are raised to a height of 12 meters and above. The lighting on the field must be designed so as not to interfere with the movement of the players and must evenly cover the entire court.

Until the end of the 60s, tournaments could be organized outdoors. However, now basketball games are played only in closed areas.

Site marking

1. limit lines. Pass along the entire perimeter of the site (2 short front lines and 2 long side lines).
2. Central line. It is drawn from one side line to another and at the same time it is parallel to the front lines.
3. The central zone is a circle (radius 1.80 m) and is located exactly in the center of the basketball field.
4. Three-point lines are semi-circles with a radius of 6.75 m, drawn to the intersection with parallel (front) lines.
5. Free throw lines. The free-throw line is drawn 3.60 m long parallel to each end line so that its far edge is located at a distance of 5.80 meters from the inside edge of the end line, and its middle is on an imaginary line connecting the midpoints of both end lines.

Basketball

The basketball is spherical, painted an approved shade of orange, and has a pattern of eight inlays and black stitching.

Basketball hoop and backboard dimensions

The height of the basketball hoop from the floor level is 3. 05 meters (standard). The diameter of the basketball hoop ranges from 45 cm to 45.7 cm. The ring itself must be painted bright orange. A special net with a length of 40-45 cm is attached to the ring. The basketball hoop is located at a distance of 15 cm from the backboard.

The shield to which the ring is attached also has a number of important parameters. Basketball backboard size: width - 1.8 m, height - 1.05 m. Modern basketball backboards are made of tempered glass.

Refereeing in basketball

At the basketball game there are:

• senior judge and judge;
• timekeeper;
• secretary;
• assistant secretary;
• operator 30 seconds.

Judge uniform:

• gray shirt;
• long black trousers;
• black basketball shoes.

Basketball Federation

• International Basketball Federation (FR. Fédération Internationale de Basketball, FIBA).

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