Today is a special day in the history of basketball. On this day, December 21st, in 1891, the first basketball game was played in Springfield, Massachusetts.
Created by Canadian-born Dr. James Naismith, basket ball, had 13 original rules. The sport has evolved and modified in many ways over the past 125 years, but today’s rules have the same fundamental principles as Naismith intended in 1891.
Dr. James Naismith earned his degree in Physical Education from McGill University before departing to America in 1890. Later that year, he enrolled at Springfield College in Massachusetts, known at the time as the YMCA Training School. During his second year of graduate school, Naismith attended a Psychology of Play seminar taught by Dr. Luther Halsey Gulick, the superintendent of physical education at the College. Gulick tasked the attendees with creating a non-violent game that could be played indoors during the cold winter months. The original intention of the new game was to keep restless students in shape in between the fall and spring sports seasons.
In the fall of 1891, after modifying several other sports including a childhood game called duck on a rock, basket ball was born. Originally, basket ball had 13 rules and was played with two peach baskets as goals. There was only 1 point scored in the first game in Springfield.
One of the biggest differences between Naismith’s game 125 years ago and basketball today is that the original game had no dribbling. Players had to throw the ball from the spot on which they caught it, allowing the man in motion catching the ball just a few steps. Another difference was that if either team committed three consecutive fouls, it counted as a “goal” for the opponent. Although this rule no longer exists, if either team commits five fouls in a quarter, the offending team is in the penalty and the fouled team has the opportunity to shoot free throws.
Although, the game has greatly advanced — now played in over 200 countries — from its first days in 1891, the authenticity of Naismith’s original idea has endured. See the original 13 rules below:
1. The Ball may be thrown in any direction by one or both hands.
2. The ball may be batted in any direction with one or both hands (never with the fist).
3. A player cannot run with the ball. The player must throw it from the spot on which he catches it, allowance to be made for man who catches the ball when running, if he tries to stop.
4. The ball must be held by the hands; the arms or body must not be used for holding it.
5. No shouldering, holding, pushing, tripping, or striking in any way the person of an opponent shall be allowed; the first infringement of the rule by any player shall count as a foul, the second shall disqualify him until the next goal is made, or if there was evident intent to injure the person, for the whole game, no substitute allowed.
6. A foul is striking at the ball with the fist, violation of rules 3, 4, and such as described in rule 5.
7. If either side makes three consecutive fouls it shall count a goal for the opponents (consecutive means without the opponents in the meantime making a foul.)
8. A goal shall be made when the ball is thrown or batted from the grounds into the basket and stays there, providing those defending the goal do not touch or disturb the goal. If the ball rests on the edges, and the opponent moves the basket, it shall count as a goal.
9. When the ball goes out of bounds it shall be thrown into the field of play by the person first touching it. In case of a dispute the umpire shall throw it straight into the field. The thrower-in is allowed five seconds; if he holds it longer it shall go to the opponent. If any side persists in delaying the game, the umpire shall call a foul on that team.
10. The umpire shall be the judge of the men and shall note the fouls and notify the referee when three consecutive fouls have been made. He shall have the power to disqualify men according to rule 5.
11. The referee shall be the judge of the ball and shall decide when the ball is in play, in bounds, to which side it belongs, and shall keep the time. He shall decide when a goal has been made, and keep account of the goals, with any other duties that are usually performed by the referee.
12. The time shall be two 15-minute halves, with 5 minutes rest between.
13. The side making the most goals in that time shall be declared the winner. In case of a draw, the game may be by mutual agreement, be continued until another goal is made.
NBA rules have adapted over the years to make the game more fun for players, fans
Utah Jazz forward Joe Ingles, right, drives the ball against Golden State Warriors’ Stephen Curry (30) during the first half of an NBA basketball game, Tuesday, Feb. 12, 2019, in Oakland, Calif. (AP Photo/Ben Margot)
AP
SALT LAKE CITY — Utah’s Joe Ingles gets knocked out of bounds by Golden State’s Draymond Green, but instead of a whistling a foul, the officials call “force out” and award the ball to the Jazz. A few minutes later, Ricky Rubio gets fouled in the backcourt by Steph Curry and makes his first free throw. But after missing his second, he’s awarded one more foul shot because of the NBA’s three-to-make-two free throw rule.
The future of the NBA?
Actually it’s the past NBA and the not-too-distant past.
The aforementioned rules were in effect as recently as the 1970s when the Jazz franchise was born in New Orleans. They are just a couple of NBA rules that old-timers remember, but young fans probably laugh at when they hear about them.
Since the league began in 1946, NBA rules have undergone numerous changes over the years, such as the widening of the lanes in the 1950s and the addition of the 3-point shot in 1979.
Most years, there have been subtle changes to the rules that are hardly noticed by the fans, while some are not rule changes, but “points of emphasis” that make a noticeable difference in the game. That’s been the case this season with the “freedom of movement” tweaks that have opened up the game, resulting in advantages for the offense with higher scoring.
Many experts agree the NBA game is as good as it’s ever been and any future changes to the game will be minor.
You think about what the league has done. They got the most out of the ‘Bad Boys’ back when the league was physical and they’ve gradually done away with that. I think the NBA has done a great job of changing with the times and it gets better and better. – Utah Jazz radio analyst Ron Boone
This year’s changes, including resetting the shot clock to 14 seconds after an offensive rebound, were not hugely publicized, but the freedom of movement emphasis has had an effect on the game. Some say it has affected the Utah Jazz as much as any team in the league because they’re a defensive-minded team that perhaps used its hands more than other teams in the past.
“It’s something we talked about quite a bit in the preseason and wanted to address our habits to be aware of that point of emphasis,” said Jazz coach Quin Snyder, who feels his team has adapted as the season has progressed. “I think there’s a balance that starts to get achieved. It’s something we’re aware of and conscious of without sacrificing some aggressiveness.”
NBA coaches and players who are asked about possible rule changes are usually reticent about making suggestions, perhaps because they don’t want league officials to think they are unhappy with the current state of the league.
Snyder has been on a rules committee with fellow NBA coaches and wouldn’t say if there’s a particular rule he’d want to change right now. He said changing a rule is an extensive process and that a lot of study goes into it.
“It’s a developmental process where they use the G-League and summer league to try out new rules,” he said, noting this year’s change of the shot clock being reset after an offensive rebound.
“There’s all kinds of data behind those things,” he said. “With respect to points of emphasis whether it be traveling, screening, freedom of movement — that’s really an educational process that happens with the officials, and the officials then educate the players. There’s a dynamic where those things evolve and settle in and there’s a greater understanding of what exactly that means.”
Former longtime Jazz assistant Gordon Chiesa has seen an overall change in the game since he coached the Jazz for 16 years up until 2005.
“You used to be able to hand-check Derek Harper or put your whole arm for leverage from behind like Buck Williams who mastered it and bothered Karl (Malone),” he said. “Now if you touch a guy, it’s a foul. It’s almost impossible to guard Steph Curry one-on-one because of the way the rules are now. Television wants a 127-122 game versus a 97-92 game.”
However, Chiesa doesn’t think there should be changes to the game, and if there is, it should be minor, such giving a team an extra foul before the bonus, until the sixth team foul of each quarter rather than five. But he agrees the game is better than ever.
“There’s nothing like it. The athletes are incredible,” he says of the current NBA.
Utah Jazz radio analyst Ron Boone played in the 1970s and '80s when the NBA went through some significant changes. He says the biggest difference today from when he played, is the lack of physicality that used to be present on the court.
“The game has changed so much,” he said. “It’s not as physical and an offensive player has an advantage now. I’m not one of those guys who thinks the old way was the best way — you realize everything changes.”
“You think about what the league has done,” Boone continued. “They got the most out of the ‘Bad Boys’ back when the league was physical and they’ve gradually done away with that. I think the NBA has done a great job of changing with the times and it gets better and better.”
If there’s one change Boone would like to see, it would be to not allow players like James Harden or LeBron James to go barreling into defensive players and get foul calls. “If you’re backpedaling and they initiate it, it’s huge advantage for an offensive player,” Boone said.
Boone also mentioned 4-point baskets, somewhat facetiously, saying, “If you watch Trae Young and some of these guys, maybe one day there’ll be a 4-point shot. ”
One guy who wouldn’t mind that is Jazz sharpshooter Kyle Korver, who’s made a living out of sinking 3-point baskets during his 16 years in the NBA.
“I think it’s worth exploring,” he said of the 4-point shot. “There was a time in my first few years when they were talking about getting rid of the 3-point line because they felt like there were too many bad 3-point shots being taken. It’s funny talking about a 4-point line when a few years ago they were talking about getting rid of the 3-point line.”
But Korver is happy with how the game is now, especially from an offensive standpoint.
“I think the game is much more fun and open and free than when I first came into the league,” he said. “Most of the rules changes have been so we can score more points and that’s made the game more fun with higher scoring and a lot more actions. It’s more of an offensive game.”
(This is a chart to run with the story)
Significant NBA rule changes over the years
1951 — Lane widened from 6 feet to 12 feet
1954 — 24-second clock is introduced
1955-1964 — No rules changes
1964 — Lane widened from 12 to 18 feet
1972 — No foul shots are attempted, except shooting fouls, until fifth team foul
of period
1977 — Force-out rule is eliminated
1978 — Number of referees increased from two to three
1979 — 3-point line established 22 feet in the corners extending to 23 feet, 9 inches at top of key
1979 — Referees reduced from three to two
1981 — “3 to make 2” and “2 to make 1” free throw rules eliminated
1984 — The 2-3-2 Finals format adopted, changing from 2-2-1-1-1 format
1988 — Number of referees permanently increased from two to three
1992 — Shot clock is reset only when ball hits the rim (previously it was reset if ball hit either the rim or backboard)
1994 — Three shots awarded for foul on 3-point attempt
1994 — 3-point line shortened to a uniform 22 feet around the basket
1997 — 3-point line lengthened to original 23 feet, 9 inches, except in the corners where the distance remained at 22 feet
1997 — A “no-charge” area established with a half circle with a 4-foot radius measured from middle of goal
2000 — Timeouts increased from six to seven, fourth-period timeouts increased from three to four
2001 — Illegal defense eliminated and zone defense allowed. Defensive 3-second rule prohibits defensive player from being in lane without guarding offensive player
2001 — The time to advance ball past midcourt reduced from 10 seconds to 8 seconds
2002 — Instant replay implemented for review of certain last-second plays
2007-15 — Expansion of instant replay every year except 2010-11
2017 — Timeouts reduced from nine to seven per team per game with no more than two after the 3-minute mark of the fourth quarter
2018 — Shot clock reset to 14 after an offensive rebound rather than 24
Key Changes to 2010 Basketball Rules
Updated : April 8, 2020. Added latest rule changes effective October 1, 2020.
Hello, dear visitors of the site " Basketball Lessons ". In this article, I would like to continue the topic of basketball rules, but, unlike previous articles, we will not talk about the historical origins of basketball rules, but about the current stage of their development. As you know, on April 17, 2010, the FIBA Central Bureau, located in the town of San Juan, in Puerto Rico, approved the next edition of the basketball rules, which came into force on October 1, 2010. Probably, it would be superfluous to say that this particular edition, to date, is the latest and most finalized.
What has changed in the rules of basketball after the release of new rules ? It is these changes that we will talk about in this article, trying to touch on all the significant amendments to the new rules of basketball. For comparison with the old rules of 2008, the official FIBA rules in Russian were chosen, the text of which was approved by the Executive Committee of the Russian Basketball Federation and prepared by judges of international categories.
Basketball Rules - Recent Changes in Basketball Rules
The latest changes in the rules of basketball - effective from October 1, 2020: download
I want to make a reservation right away, there are a lot of changes, but most of them come down to an additional interpretation of an existing rule. In this article, I will focus on the BASIC and most SIGNIFICANT changes for the player. Conventionally, I divided them into three groups:
game markup changes;
Changes related to player uniforms and accessories;
changes, one way or another related to the game time allotted for a particular action.
New basketball rules related to markings.
In a nutshell, the European markup practically ceased to exist , turning into the American one. The three-second zone has ceased to resemble a trapezoid in its shape, and has turned into a rectangle that all NBA fans are used to. The three-point line moved 6.75 meters from a point on the floor directly below the exact center of the opponents' basket to the outer edge of the semicircle. And yet, by analogy with the NBA markings, the semicircle turns into parallel lines in the corner of the site. There are also two new throw-in lines: “Two (2) 0.15m lines must be drawn outside the playing area behind the touchline opposite the scorer’s table, with the outer edges of these lines 8. 325m from the inside edges of the nearest front lines. The new markup is shown in the figure below. New basketball rules - new court markings
The second significant change to the markings is to draw a semicircle under the hoop, in which collision fouls are not recorded. Here's what they say about this semicircle Basketball Rules :
"Lines of semi-circles in which no collision fouls are called, shall be drawn on the playing court and bounded by:
A semi-circle with a radius of 1.25 m, measured from a point on the floor immediately below the center of the basket to the inside edge of the semi-circle. This semicircle connects:
Two (2) parallel lines, perpendicular to the end line, 0.375 m long, the inner edge of which is 1.25 m from a point on the floor immediately below the center of the basket, and ending 1.20 m from the inner edge of the end line.
The non-collision foul area of the semi-circles includes imaginary lines connecting the edges of parallel lines (0. 375 m long) directly below the front sides of the backboards. Semi-circle lines are not part of the semi-circle areas where collision fouls are not called."
And a small interpretation of the semi-circle rule itself:
“The areas of the semi-circles in which no collision fouls are called are marked on the playing court to indicate a special area for the treatment of collision/blocking situations under the basket. In any play situation of passing into the area of the semi-circle in which no collision fouls are called, contact caused by an offensive player against a defender inside the semi-circle shall not be charged with a foul against the offensive player, except in situations where the offensive player misuses his arms, legs or body in the moment when:
the attacker is in control of the ball while in the air and
he shoots or passes and
Both feet of the defender are on the floor completely inside the area of the semi-circle in which no collision fouls are called. ”
Here is an illustration of what the markings below the ring will look like. New basketball rules - court markings under the hoop
In principle, I think that this rule is of great importance for increasing the entertainment of basketball , because now you can complete the pass with a powerful jump and, possibly, a dunk, without fear of getting offensive foul due to a collision with a defender who suddenly appears under the basket. So, with the markup finished, now move on to the next subsection.
New basketball rules related to player uniforms and accessories.
"The playing uniform of team members must consist of ... socks of the same dominant color for all players on the team." Here is the dress code
New technologies in the sport have led athletes to use new equipment. So what equipment can you use now? The list of prohibited items includes "gypsum casts or staples, even if they are covered with a soft material. "
The following were allowed:
Compression (reinforced) sleeves in the same dominant color as the shirts.
Compression stockings in the same dominant color as the shorts. For the upper leg, they should not be below the knee, and for the lower leg, they should not be above the knee.
Clear mouth guard.
Colorless tapes for arms, shoulders, legs, etc.
So, here we have dealt with the form. Next up is the final section!
New basketball rules related to timing
So, the first interesting rule:
When 0:00.3 (three tenths of a second) or more remains on the game clock, the player who has gained possession of the ball after a throw-in or rebound after the last or only free throw has the opportunity to shoot for a field goal. If the game clock shows 0:00.2 (two tenths of a second) or 0:00.1 (one tenth of a second), the only way to score a field goal is to hit or directly overhand.
8 second rule.
Whenever:
Player gains control of a live ball in his backcourt,
On a throw-in, the ball touches or the ball is legally touched by any player in the backcourt and the team of the player taking the throw-in continues to have control of the ball in their backcourt,
that team must bring the ball into their frontcourt within eight (8) seconds.
A team kicks the ball into its frontcourt when:
The ball, which is not controlled by any of the players, touches the frontcourt.
The ball is touched or the ball is legally touched by an attacker who has both feet in contact with his frontcourt.
The ball is touched or the ball is legally touched by a defender who has part of his body in contact with his backcourt.
The ball touches an official who has part of his body in the frontcourt of the team in control of the ball.
During a dribble from the backcourt to the frontcourt, the ball and both feet of the dribbler are in contact with the frontcourt.
The countdown of eight (8) seconds continues from whatever time remains at the time it was stopped.
24 second rule.
Whenever:
A player gains control of a live ball on the playing court,
On a throw-in, the ball touches or the ball is legally touched by any player on the playing court and the team of the player taking the throw-in continues to have control of the ball, that team must shoot for a field goal within twenty-four (24) seconds.
If the referee stops play:
For a foul or violation (but not for the ball going out of bounds) committed by a team not in control of the ball
For any other reason related to the team not in control of the ball,
For any reason unrelated to either team, possession of the ball must be awarded to the same team that previously had control of the ball.
In the event that a throw-in is administered in the backcourt, the twenty-four (24) second device must be reset to twenty-four (24) seconds.
In the event that the face-off is administered in the frontcourt, the twenty-four (24) second device must be set as follows:
If there are fourteen (14) seconds or more remaining on the twenty-four (24) second device when the game is stopped, the device must not be reset and the countdown must continue from the time it was stopped.
If there are thirteen (13) seconds or less left on the twenty-four (24) second device when the game is stopped, the device must be reset to fourteen (14) seconds.
However, if, in the opinion of the referee, the opposing team will be placed at a disadvantage, the twenty-four (24) second count shall continue from the time of stoppage.
A few more little things:
Dribbling is the process of moving a live ball when the player in control of the ball throws, hits, rolls it on the floor, or deliberately throws the ball into the backboard.
In the event that a team replays a game in a tournament by forfeit, it shall be disqualified from the tournament and all games played by that team shall be annulled.
During the last two (2) minutes of the fourth (4th) period and during the last two (2) minutes of each extra period after a time-out taken by the team entitled to the ball in its backcourt, a throw-in shall be taken from behind from the throw-in line opposite the scorer's table in the team's frontcourt.
Well, that's all, these were the most significant changes in official basketball rules in 2010, and these are the rules we played in 2011, and most likely we will play in 2012.
Good luck with your training and see you soon on the pages of this site! Do not forget that this site has a friendly and rapidly growing community in the social network VKontakte, a beautiful image of which you should have seen in the right column of the site. If you want to be the first to know about all updates of the site materials - join. Do not use Contact - subscribe to site updates by e-mail or read us on Facebook. And we also have a YouTube channel!
Basketball on Slamdunk.
ru: nba, news, statistics, communication
twenty 26
A series of scandals in the offseason. NBA, what's wrong with you?
It has long been no secret that we live in an era of propaganda of the notorious Western tolerance. The values of this colossus are rolling all over the world, sweeping away all those who disagree with its colorful and iridescent views in its path. More and more fields of activity are under the influence, ranging from science and politics to art and sports. Methodically and scrupulously, ideas are being planted in our heads that homosexuality is not only normal, but also good. Being transgender is a gift that every adult and child should definitely use. Violence is a casual glance at the opposite sex, and racism is the desire of a white man to have the same rights as a black man who calls for his exclusivity because of a 400-year-old resentment. How do you like such an imposed equality in which you will never be equal? They talk about tolerance for a different worldview, but fiercely and zealously fight for their own. They call the minority the majority, hiding behind the assessment of human rights and freedoms.
16 23
Durant remains in Brooklyn. Marriage of convenience or Chinese wisdom?
Imagine that you are a highly skilled worker with advanced professional skills, which can be counted on the fingers of the labor market. Your entry into any company a priori gives it new contracts, increased attention, additional revenue. Colleagues in the workshop are watching you intently and with admiration, competitors are biting their elbows with envy. Even if you get sick "overtime", no one will go in cycles in your sick days - the main thing is that you are healthy and rosy. And then one day, with a bold swing of your foot, you take out the door of your general manager with a request ... no, with a demand to fire, say, his commercial and chief accountant. Simply because you do not find this union promising and do not see it next to you.
fifteen 9
Understanding how VTB United League clubs contribute to the development of basketball in Russia (2021-22 season)
Hello everyone… I'm back! Approximately a year ago I wrote an article on SD with the title "Understanding how VTB United League clubs contribute to the development of basketball in Russia." In this article, using basketball-reference (at the end I realized that the statistics there may not be the most accurate, but it accurately reflects the essence and trends), Excel and, of course, science, I looked at how many minutes our domestic professional clubs allocated to Russian players for the game. And those minutes were few. In fact, our top clubs were ready to give the Russians only a quarter of the total playing time. I also looked at how many young basketball players the teams are using. And, surprise, there weren't too many of them. I also looked at the budgets of the clubs and made sure that everyone already knows that basketball in Russia lives purely thanks to sponsorship money and donations. All this year I have been praying that our young Russian players get more playing time. But that did not happen! And although the situation in the world has changed, the attitude towards Russia has changed, but the attitude to their work has not changed among domestic functionaries, sports "experts" and others who are not indifferent to the development of basketball. Today I will try to fully review all the actions and significant statements that have been made this year. So without further preludes, let's get started!
eight thirty
Handcuffs instead of a ball. Brittney Griner and Other NBA Players Jailed
Unfortunately for Brittney Griner, Articles 228 and 229 in our country do not select offenders based on gender, color, sexual orientation, or athletic merit. Someone can appeal to tolerance, someone can classify Greiner as a political prisoner. And the luggage was collected “in a hurry”, the prohibited substance was prescribed by a doctor, and the too famous athlete ended up in the dock. In the bottom line, we have: the fact of transporting a prohibited substance, an admission of guilt, a guilty verdict. Against the backdrop of all the ups and downs around the star basketball player, I would like to recall the real prison sentences of professional basketball players already in the United States. How and for what they put the players behind bars in the country of the all-seeing eye, in which the logs are stubbornly ignored. 90,225 of the League's strongest rookies that year, whose talent Phoenix hoped in vain. For six incomplete seasons, the seven-footer managed to play for the Suns, Detroit and San Antonio.
He shall have the power to disqualify men according to rule 5.
A few minutes later, Ricky Rubio gets fouled in the backcourt by Steph Curry and makes his first free throw. But after missing his second, he’s awarded one more foul shot because of the NBA’s three-to-make-two free throw rule.
“I think there’s a balance that starts to get achieved. It’s something we’re aware of and conscious of without sacrificing some aggressiveness.”
There’s a dynamic where those things evolve and settle in and there’s a greater understanding of what exactly that means.”
He says the biggest difference today from when he played, is the lack of physicality that used to be present on the court.
”
Defensive 3-second rule prohibits defensive player from being in lane without guarding offensive player
As you know, on April 17, 2010, the FIBA Central Bureau, located in the town of San Juan, in Puerto Rico, approved the next edition of the basketball rules, which came into force on October 1, 2010. Probably, it would be superfluous to say that this particular edition, to date, is the latest and most finalized. 
In this article, I will focus on the BASIC and most SIGNIFICANT changes for the player. Conventionally, I divided them into three groups: 
325m from the inside edges of the nearest front lines. The new markup is shown in the figure below. New basketball rules - new court markings 
375 m long) directly below the front sides of the backboards. Semi-circle lines are not part of the semi-circle areas where collision fouls are not called." 
” 
" 
ru: nba, news, statistics, communication 
How do you like such an imposed equality in which you will never be equal? They talk about tolerance for a different worldview, but fiercely and zealously fight for their own. They call the minority the majority, hiding behind the assessment of human rights and freedoms. 
And then one day, with a bold swing of your foot, you take out the door of your general manager with a request ... no, with a demand to fire, say, his commercial and chief accountant. Simply because you do not find this union promising and do not see it next to you. 
And those minutes were few. In fact, our top clubs were ready to give the Russians only a quarter of the total playing time. I also looked at how many young basketball players the teams are using. And, surprise, there weren't too many of them. I also looked at the budgets of the clubs and made sure that everyone already knows that basketball in Russia lives purely thanks to sponsorship money and donations. 
Brittney Griner and Other NBA Players Jailed 
