How to get rid of knee pain from basketball

• Rupture of the anterior cruciate ligament - one of the connecting tibia and femur. Players in basketball, football or other sports with a sharp change in the trajectory of movement are susceptible to this injury.
• Fractures of the knee, including the patella, can occur in a collision with a car or in a fall. With osteoporosis, you can get a knee fracture simply by taking the wrong step.
• A torn meniscus occurs due to sudden twisting of the knee while leaning on it.
• Knee bursitis or tendinitis. Some injuries cause inflammation of the joint capsule (bursa) or tendons. Athletes, skiers, cyclists, and skydiving enthusiasts can develop inflammation of the patellar tendon.

Mechanical causes of pain in the knees when walking, such as:

• Arthroliths - fragments of articular cartilage, meniscus or other structures of the joint separated as a result of injury or disease, located in its cavity.
• Iliotibial tract friction syndrome - ligament friction against the femur.
• Patellar subluxation
• Pain in the hip or foot can change the way you walk, but increase the load on the knee joint.

Arthritis . There are over 100 different types of arthritis, but the knee is most commonly affected:

• Osteoarthritis, sometimes referred to as degenerative arthritis or osteoarthritis, is the most common variant. This is a condition of wear and tear of the cartilage in the knee joint with age.
• Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disease that can affect almost any joint, including the knees. Although rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic disease that cannot be completely cured, it has varying degrees of severity and periods of remission of varying duration.
• Gout. This type of arthritis occurs when uric acid crystals build up in a joint.
• Infectious (septic) arthritis - occurs due to the entry of bacteria into the joint cavity and is usually manifested by local redness and fever in the joint area, pain and effusion (fluid accumulation in the joint cavity). Septic arthritis is often accompanied by fever and can quickly cause extensive cartilage damage inside the knee joint.

Myofascial pain syndromes (MBS)

Numerous group of so-called musculoskeletal pains, the source of which is the soft tissues around the joint. MBS are local or widespread. The main symptom of myofascial pain is a persistent aching tightness in the muscle and the presence of a point, under pressure on which the pain spreads to zones of different distances and can even cause convulsive contraction of the muscle.

Patellofemoral pain syndrome is a general term for pain between the kneecap (patella in Latin) and the underlying femur (femora). This is common in:

• athletes
• young people, especially those who have a slight deformity of the patella
• elderly with arthritis of the patella.

Pain can radiate to the knee joint from the lower back or hip joint, and may also be the result of pathological processes in the foot - for example, excessive pronation or inward twisting during walking or running.

This article is advisory in nature. Treatment is prescribed by a specialist after consultation.

Risk factors

A number of factors increase the risk of knee problems, including: stairs. Being overweight also increases the risk of osteoarthritis by accelerating the destruction of articular cartilage.

2

Lack of flexibility or muscle strength. Strong muscles help stabilize and protect the joints, while good flexibility helps with full range of motion in the knee joint.

3

Certain sports or exercise. Some sports put a lot of stress on the knees. Alpine skiing with hard ski boots and the possibility of falls, basketball jumps and turns, and repetitive knee jarring while sprinting or jogging increase the risk of knee injury.

4

Jobs that put a lot of stress on your knees, such as construction or farming, can also increase your risk of knee problems.

5

Previous injury is the most important risk factor for knee injury. Often "new" injuries are complications of old injuries.

6

History of surgery is another potential risk factor for future injury. It is not uncommon for athletes who have undergone surgery that successfully restores knee function to experience some degree of lower limb functional impairment that predisposes them to new overuse injuries.

Classification

For the convenience of the initial diagnosis of joint pain in the knees, it is customary to divide into 3 large categories:

Acute pain , caused by injury or excessive load

Chronic pain , associated with excess loading

Knee pain without injury or overuse, possibly associated with systemic disease

Acute knee pain
Duration < 6 weeks

• Usually not progressive
• Pain increases in response to a specific injury, lasts for a predictable period, then subsides as it heals

Chronic knee pain
Duration >190 6 weeks

• Gradually progressing
• Duration, as a rule, unpredictable, periods of exacerbation and subsidence alternate

Tab. 1 Characteristics of acute and chronic pain in the knee

Diagnosis of indeterminate knee pain

Timely diagnosis of the causes allows for the most effective treatment of knee pain.

Physical examination for knee pain includes:

• examination
• palpation (“feeling” in Latin)
• assessment of range of motion
• testing of strength and specific neurological examinations
• . Specific tests are selected based on the most likely diagnostic category, which in turn is based on history (history of the onset and progression of the disease), including the mechanism of injury and the chronic nature of the pain.

Pain. It is the most common sign of joint damage. For diagnosis, the localization of pain, its degree, nature, factors that increase or alleviate, as well as the time of occurrence - newly arisen or recurring, are important. The time of maximum pain is important - before the first movements in the joint or after a period of physical activity, whether the pain appears in the morning, after waking up or during the day.
The location and severity of pain may vary depending on the cause.

Signs that sometimes accompany knee pain include:

• Swelling and stiffness of the joint on the affected side
• Redness and warmth to the touch
• Feeling of weakness or instability in the knee
• Unable to fully straighten 9003 noises04 knee

Joint instability - a sign of weakness of the ligaments or muscles that stabilize it and a consequence of damage to the structures inside the knee joint.

Crepitus – a characteristic crunch during movement in the joint, which is determined by ear or by palpation of the knee. Crepitus may be due to hardening of the cartilage on the inner surface of the joint or tendons around it.

Usually a doctor's examination is sufficient to make a diagnosis, but sometimes an additional examination is justified and includes:

• Blood tests, for example: rheumatoid factor, uric acid concentration, antinuclear antibodies, antibodies to intestinal bacteria, chlamydia.
• Imaging methods:
• Standard radiography is the primary imaging modality, but is less sensitive than computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MPT), or ultrasound (ultrasound).

Ultrasound is a convenient and widely available method for detecting joint effusion and soft tissue injuries around the knee.
MPT is the most sensitive method for detecting fractures that are not visualized on a conventional x-ray, as well as changes in the soft tissues and intra-articular structures of the knee.
CT is applicable in cases where MRI is contraindicated or not available to the patient.

Arthrocentesis (joint puncture) and examination of joint fluids and is the most accurate method for excluding infection and detecting crystalline arthritis. Arthrocentesis is also important for other causes of knee pain and is indicated for severe and unexplained arthritis.

Book an appointment with an orthopedic doctor


Appointment lasts 60 minutes, includes diagnostics, analysis of your MRI and preparation of a treatment plan, takes place both in person and online.

When should you see a doctor?




Do not postpone a visit to the doctor if:

1

Unable to bear the load on the knee or feeling that the knee is unstable

2

Swelling of the knee joint is noticeable, which does not go away on its own


able to fully extend or flex the knee

4

Obvious deformity of the leg or joint is visible

5

There is fever, redness, pain and swelling in the knee joint

6

Worried about severe knee pain associated with an injury that prevents walking

Treating knee pain




directly depends on its cause.

Drug treatment

0018 Paraty (NSAIDs). They are used to treat acute and chronic arthritis, inflammatory and degenerative - associated with gradual destruction - diseases of the joints, soft tissue pathology around the knee. Taking NSAIDs reduces pain and swelling of the joint and helps to resolve arthritis.

However, NSAIDs must be taken strictly as prescribed and under the supervision of a physician, since uncontrolled use of drugs can lead to the formation of ulcers in the gastrointestinal tract.

Non-drug therapies

Physiotherapy is essential for the treatment and prevention of many conditions that affect the knee joint and its surrounding support structures.

Fig. 2 A set of exercises for the knee joint

Physiotherapy methods for knee pain include:

• cold therapy (ice packs)
• stretching
• muscle strengthening exercises.

Ice and elevation of the knee relieves pain and swelling. Ice can be applied to the knee for 15 to 20 minutes or every two to four hours, especially after physical activity. An ice bag, frozen vegetables, or a frozen towel will do. During the procedure, the swollen knee must be above the level of the heart.

Stretching exercises. Depending on the nature of the injury or the condition that is causing the pain, you can start stretching as early as the day after the onset of the attack. Stretching the muscles around the joint should be done gently and gradually, keeping constant pressure at the end of the stretch. It is best to avoid "bouncing" or quick "ballistic" stretches, as these can damage already injured tissues.

Stretch for 20-30 seconds, stretching each muscle 3 to 5 times per session, and sessions can be performed 1 to 4 times per day.

Exercise for knee pain




First of all, you should know that if the knee is swollen or painful, the following positions and activities should be avoided until the symptoms disappear:

• Squatting
• kneeling
• Twisting and turning
• Jogging
• Aerobics, dancing
• Dynamic sports

Preferred activities are:

• Smooth knee movements
• Strengthening the anterior and posterior thigh muscles (quadriceps and hamstring)
• Minimal jar and impact on the joint
• Minimal amount of flexion required.

The following physical activity options are acceptable alternatives during treatment and recovery:

• Brisk walking
• Water aerobics
• Slow swimming
• Cross-country skis or elliptical trainers
• Soft platform treadmill

Intra-articular injections or surgery may be used to treat knee pain when indicated.

Preventive measures




Although it is not always possible to prevent knee pain, the following recommendations can help prevent injury and joint deterioration:

Maintaining a healthy weight. Every extra kilo puts extra stress on the joints, increasing the risk of injury and osteoarthritis

"Be in shape" and exercise regularly. In order to prepare the muscles for sport, warm-ups and "warm-up" exercises should not be neglected, as well as regular maintenance of good physical shape

Gets strong while remaining flexible. Since weak muscles are the main cause of knee injuries, strengthening the quads and hamstrings is helpful. Balance and stability training helps the muscles surrounding the knee joint work more efficiently. Because tight muscles can also contribute to injury, stretching is important

Adequate load dosing. If a person has osteoarthritis, chronic knee pain, or repetitive injuries, it may be worth changing the type of physical activity. Swimming, water aerobics, or other low-intensity sports a few days a week are good alternatives.

List of sources:


1. O.S. The prevalence of pain syndromes and their impact on the quality of life in the world and in Russia according to the study of the global burden of disease for the period from 1990 to 2013. Russian Journal of Pain, No. 3-4, 2015. pp. 5-12.
   
2. Vertkin A.L., Naumov A.V., Shamuilova M.M., Knorring G. Yu. Comorbidity and pain in the lower back: topical issues. Reference book of the polyclinic doctor. 2016; 5: 30-35
   
3. Antonov, I.P. Prevention of neurological manifestations of lumbar osteochondrosis: intermediate results, unresolved issues and some methodological aspects / Antonov, I.P., Barabanova E.V. - Moscow: DPC, 1998. - 320 p.
   
4. Dalton S.O., Sørensen H.T., Johansen C. SSRIs and upper gastrointestinal bleeding: what is known and how should it influence prescribing? CNS Drugs. 2006;20(2):143–151. DOI: 10.2165/00023210–200620020–00005.
   
5. Coupland C., Hill T., Morriss R., et al. Antidepressant use and risk of adverse outcomes in people aged 20–64 years: cohort study using a primary care database. BMC Med. 2018;16:36.

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Why knees hurt after training and how to treat them

Properly structured workouts can guarantee good shape and well-being. However, sometimes the training process is overshadowed by pain during class or after exercise. Before continuing the training, it is necessary to understand what caused the pain and take measures to eliminate it. If your knees hurt after a workout, this can mean both an incorrect technique for performing strength or cardio elements, as well as the presence of diseases or injuries.

The main causes of pain

Most often, pain or a feeling that it is very aching in the knees after physical exertion occurs due to the following reasons:

1. Insufficient stretching and warming up of the joints and muscles before training.
2. No stretching at the end of the workout.
3. Incorrect exercise technique, especially with heavy weights.
4. Imbalance in the development of muscle groups.
5. Overload.
6. Frequent wearing of elastic bandages and bandages.
7. Lack of vitamins and malnutrition.
8. Diseases and injuries of the knees.

To identify the possible cause of pain, it is necessary to follow the correct training and make sure that the diet is balanced, that the body has enough vitamins. To determine the disease, consult a doctor.

Possible illnesses

The first thing to do when you experience pain is to seek medical help. The best option for consultation is a sports doctor who is well versed in the professional loads of athletes and can choose the right course of treatment and give recommendations on training. A common cause of knee problems is a decrease in the amount of synovial fluid that fills the joints, which contains nutrients. With its reduction, the cartilage begins to rub against each other, which causes inflammation and pain.

Other common conditions that cause knee pain are:

1. Bursitis is an inflammation of the synovial sac of the joint.
2. Rheumatoid arthritis is an inflammatory disease.
3. Gout - accumulation of uric acid salts.
4. Gonarthrosis - destruction of the cartilage tissue of the knee joint.

Another cause of pain may be the consequences of old injuries, arthrosis, meniscus injury, tendon sprain, bruise. Some damage is not immediately noticeable, but begins to appear months or even years later. An examination by a specialist and x-rays will help to identify the cause of the problem, after which appropriate treatment will be prescribed.

It is better to stop training until the disease is detected.


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Recommended Therapy

In the event of an illness or injury, proper treatment is prescribed to help manage the problem. These may include medications and physical therapy procedures. But if it's about improper training or an unbalanced diet, then the problem can be solved without medication.

First you need to adjust your diet:

1. You need to consume the right amount of proteins, fats and carbohydrates, in accordance with the chosen training and lifestyle.
2. Follow the caloric intake, taking into account the calories burned in the gym.
3. Be sure to consume enough water, do not ignore the presence of healthy fats in food, which prevent wear and tear of the joints. Even on fat burning programs, you need to consume some vegetable fats in order to maintain the elasticity of the ligaments.

You also need to follow the technique of performing the exercises, and pay special attention to squats, which most often injure the knee joints with the wrong technique. Cardio activities such as running, climbing stairs, and jumping rope should be avoided if body weight is excessive. A lot of weight puts pressure on the knees and damages them when loaded.

Be sure to warm up the muscles well before training, warming up and stretching prepares the body for further hard work and helps to avoid damage. After training, you also need to take time to stretch to consolidate the effect.

The use of elastic bandages should be avoided: bandaging accelerates the wear and tear of the joints, as it interferes with normal blood circulation. Therefore, without special reasons, you should not abuse the wearing of bandages and dressings. If their imposition is associated with a disease, it is better not to train the injured limb for some time and pay attention to other muscle groups.


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Methods of pain relief

If the doctor has not identified an injury or diseases that are treated with special medicines, then joint ointments can be used for temporary pain relief. It is advisable to choose special sports ointments that are aimed at recovery after training. The ointment will relieve inflammation and pain and help you recover faster.

It is best to use non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs: they slow down the secretion of enzymes that cause inflammation, and also reduce swelling of the joints. Thanks to the use of such ointments, the pain disappears, and the mobility of the leg is restored.

Common ointments from this group:

1. Diclofenac-acry, Ortofen.
2. Nise.
3. Artrosilene.
4. Long.
5. Indomethacin.
6. Quickgel.

It is better to consult with your doctor, who will more accurately select the appropriate medicine. Sometimes it is recommended to apply warming gels and ointments, it all depends on the nature of the pain and the cause that caused it.

Athletes are also advised to take the Glucosamine-Chondroitin Complex, which improves the condition of cartilage, nourishes joints and connective tissue, and has an anti-inflammatory effect. This is a vitamin complex sold without a doctor's prescription.

How to train properly?

The most common cause of post-workout pain is incorrect squat technique, especially if the exercise is performed with a heavy barbell on the shoulders. Incomplete squatting causes inhibition of movement of the knee joints, which overloads them excessively. This can be avoided by squatting deeper: at least parallel to the floor or lower.

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